Michele was nominated for the award by Francis Allard, advisor for the IUP chapter, with the approval of the the Anthropology Department faculty. As part of the application process, Michele was required to submit two letters of recommendation by faculty members, a statement of future professional plans, and a sample of her professional writing from a publication or class project which was used to evaluate her writing skills. Her submission, “A Tale of Two Scribes: Scribes in the Aftermath of 18 Rabbit’s Sacrifice,” was a historical, fictionalized account of an archaeologically documented event at the Maya site of Copan.

Michele plans to attend graduate school at the University of Buffalo in Fall 2013. She participated in the McNair Scholars Program and the Anthropology Department Honors track and was the valedictorian of the Anthropology graduating class.

Michele Troutman presenting a poster at the 2012 Society for American Archaeology annual meeting

Michele is the second IUP Anthropology student to receive a Lambda Alpha scholarship. In 2008, Megan Boyd, now a Ph.D. candidate at Southern Methodist University in Dallas, Texas, was awarded the Charles Jenkins Scholarship, also a $5,000 award. Megan and Michele both graduated from the Robert H. Cook Honors college as well.

As of 2011, there were 170 Lambda Alpha chapters of record. The organization offers annual scholarships to students of anthropology as well as an annual magazine, half of which is reserved for student publications that pass a peer review process.

Department of Anthropology

Dr. Phillip Neusius congratulates Justin Daley at the department graduation ceremony.

The graduates included:

• Laura A. Kaufman, "Understanding Site Formation Processes Through the Faunal Assemblages of the Johnston Site," May 2013 (Sarah Neusius, Thesis Chair)
• Cory D. Meyers, "Cultural Property Protection Property Training in the US Armed Forces," May 2013 (Beverly Chiarulli, Thesis Chair)
• Andrea L. Boon, "A Faunal Analysis of the Eleventh Horizon of the Koster Site (11GE4)," August 2013 (Sarah Neusius, Thesis Chair)
• Justin H. Daley, "The Pre-Twentieth Century Development of Watercraft Construction in Pittsburgh and impact on Western Waters North America," August 2013 (Ben Ford, Thesis Chair)
• Ryan Clark, "Engendering the Monongahela: Social and Spatial Dimensions of Johnston (36In2) Mortuary Practices," August 2013 (Sarah Neusius, Thesis Chair)
• Victoria Harding, "A Spatial Analysis of the Ripley Archaeological Site," May 2013 (Sarah Neusius, Thesis Chair)
• Randall A. Kuhlman (Phillip Neusius, Thesis Chair)
• Jordon D. Loucks, "Improvement across the Atlantic: A study of Irish ceramics in the Five Points" August 2013 (Ben Ford, Thesis Chair)
• Christopher N. Marini, "Identifying refined earthenwares with spectrometry (Preliminary)" August 2013 (Ben Ford, Thesis Chair)
• Meghan R. Pace, "How Many Graves are in Memorial Park? Using Geophysical and Historic Data to Search for “Lost” Graves" August 2013 (Beverly Chiarulli, Thesis Chair)

The ceremony was held in the HUB and was well attended by family and friends of the graduates. Faculty members participating in the ceremony included Francis Allard, Beverly Chiarulli, Benjamin Ford, Victor Garcia, Anastasia Hudgins, Phillip Neusius, Sarah Neusius, and Amanda Poole. The program started with a welcome by Phillip Neusius, chair, and the faculty address by Chiarulli. Michele Troutman gave the valiedictorian’s address. Garcia recognized Alyssa Ortega for her service to CALSA–MARTI. Robin Matty received the Olin-Fahle Award for Excellence in Anthropology. This award is named for the late Anya Olin-Fahle, first anthropologist in the combined Anthropology Sociology Department.

Graduates Included:

Matthew D. Allen†, Claire E. Ardis, Alexander L.W. Dettwyler, Laura J. Ellyson‡, Sara E. Endy†, Matthew W. Finley, Nicole M. Gusmerotti, Katherine E. Fox†§, Devin S. Hogan, Gabrielle R. Lehigh‡§H, Stephen Luciano§, Robin M. Matty‡§H, Amanda N. McCarthy, Chelsea McDonnell†§, Kelly A. Muthler‡§, Stuart C. Bateh, Shane C. Myers§, Emily E. Poeppel , Carly L. Ryther§, Christine E. Schlosser, Nicole K. Stephens, Michele L Troutman‡§H, Bryana G. Urban†§, Laura A. Walchack*

(Symbols next to the names indicate grade average)

*cum laude 3.25 — 3.49

†magna cum laude 3.50 — 3.74

‡summa cum laude 3.75 — 4.00

H — honors

Lambda Alpha

§National Collegiate Honors Society for Anthropology

Department of Anthropology

Allard gave a paper entitled “The Timing, Nature and Sociopolitical Dimensions of Early Bronze Metallurgy in Prehistoric Southeast China” in the symposium “Technology in Southwest China and Southeast Asia I,” held on April 6.

Phillip Neusius, Sarah Neusius, Chiarulli, and Ford gave a paper entitled “Teaching Heritage Values to Applied Archaeology Students” in the symposium “Lessons From the Trenches II: New Pedagogies of Archaeology and Heritage” on April 6. Sarah Neusius also presented a second paper in this session written by Beverly Chiarulli, who was unable to attend the conference. The paper was titled “Using Archaeological Geophysics To Develop Student Professionalism.”

In addition, Sarah Neusius delivered a paper coauthored with Applied Archaeology graduate students Laura Kaufman and Andrea boon entitled “Assessing Faunal Assemblage Comparability at the Johnston Site” in a general session entitled “Zooarchaeological Studies: New World” on April 5, 2013.

Ryan Spittler (left) explaining his thesis research to Thomas Wambach

Tory Harding and her Poster Based on her Thesis Research at the 2013 SAA

On April 5, Applied Archaeology graduate student Victoria Harding chaired a poster session entitled “Indiana University of Pennsylvania Graduate Student Research: Using New Technology on Old Sites” that included the following posters: “Applications of ArcGIS at the Ripley Site” by Victoria Harding; “Rediscovering Dragoo” by Cory Meyers, Victoria Harding, Ryan Spittler, and Justin Daley; “Locating the French and Indian War Era Native American Settlement at Aughwick Old Town” by Ryan Spittler; and “The Development of Ship Construction in 19th Century Pittsburgh” by Justin Daley.

Justin Dailey (Right) explaining his poster to former IUP Anthro undergraduate major and UNLV grad student Thomas Wambach at the 2013 SAA annual meeting

In addition, Applied Archaeology graduate student Lydia DeHaven presented a poster entitle “Expanding Basketmaker III Site Boundaries: Geophysics Use in Detecting Structures and Features” in the poster session entitled “Geoarchaeology and Geophysics” on April 5, 2013.

Lydia Dehaven (left) explaining her poster a Geophysical Investigationat Crow Canyon

Department of Anthropology

The conference was held at Kutztown University on April 27–28, 2013, and was sponsored by the Kutztown University Department of Anthropology and Sociology.

The student presentations included:

Molas: Tradition and Change

By Lisa McCann

Handmade molas are a main source of income for the Kuna people of Panama. Molas are an important part of Kuna culture and are an outward manifestation of their ethnic identity. Recently, several phenomena are impacting the Kunas. Sea level rise is forcing displacement of thousands of Kunas. Cruise ships bearing wealthy tourists increasingly visit the region. My study explores how external causes have impacted mola production and price. I interviewed four mola dealers. I reviewed journal articles and books pertaining to Kunas and molas. I examined various features of molas for changes over time, such as quantities being produced, subject matter, color palette, size, technique, and quality. Despite a growing population of Kunas, molas of exceptional craftsmanship and detail are made less often than in the past, with a corresponding increase in lesser quality “tourist molas.”

Examining Patient-Perceived Issues in Health Care for Chronically Ill Adolescents

By Katherine Elizabeth Fox

Though adolescent medicine as a discipline has existed since the 1960s, much of the substantive work in this field has only occurred within the last decade; even with this expansion, adolescent patients, especially those with chronic diseases, often feel that their concerns are underrepresented in medical settings. Interviews were conducted with current university students who had been diagnosed with a chronic condition between the ages of 12 to 17 to elicit illness narratives particular to these factors and how a diagnosis during adolescence affected their long-term health management. Themes gathered from interviews in this study, such as the current environment in which adolescents are treated, medical decision-making processes, and transition to adult medical care, as well as participants’ individual experiences will be explored within the context of available literature to identify areas of improvement from a patient perspective.

Cultural Study of the Homer City Power Plant

By Gabrielle Renee Lehigh

The Homer City Power Plant plays a pivotal role to the surrounding community through employment, financial support, and tradition. However, the recent controversy over installing scrubbers at the plant has led people to re-examine their relationships to the power plant, and to coal and energy extraction more broadly. This paper draws from my Anthropology honors thesis research on the ongoing social-environmental controversy surrounding the Homer City Coal Fired Power Plant. I draw from interviews and participant observation with Indiana County residents, political figures, and environmental organizations to examine the role of social history in relationship to place and the dynamic conversation around environmental concerns, employment opportunities, and local economy. This paper provides a unique opportunity to understand the cultural implications that surround the debate regarding energy production in a rural area.

Activity Patterns and Proximity among Mantled Howler Monkeys

By Sara Endy

Mantled howler monkeys are less social and less active than other primate species, spending much of their time at rest due to their folivorous and occasional fruit diet. Found in the rainforests of Central and South America, mantled howler monkeys live in multimale-multifemale groups of around 10 individuals. I studied the distance between the focal subject and its nearest neighbor as well as the activity levels in juvenile and adult (male and female) mantled howler monkeys at La Suerte Biological Field Station in Costa Rica. I hypothesized that juveniles would be more active than adults, and that juveniles would remain in closer proximity to other group members than adults. I used scan sampling to observe the activities of resting, feeding, and traveling over two-minute intervals for a 30-minute sample. I found that juveniles were the most active and that females had the smallest distance between themselves and other group members.

Department of Anthropology

Professors Sarah Neusius and Beverly Chiarulli presented a paper on April 21 entitled “Recent Investigations at the Johnston Site,” covering aspects of their ongoing research at the Johnston site.

IUP Excavations at the Johnston Site inb 2012 

Graduate students in the M.A. in Applied Archaeology program also participated in the conference. Graduate student Ryan Clark presented aspects of his master thesis research in a paper entitled “Engendering the Monongahela: Social and Spatial Dimensions of Johnston (36IN2) Mortuary Practices.”

Graduate students Renate Beyer and Stefanie Smith presented a poster entitled “Charles and Sarah Foreman: Food Consumption and Lifeways on the Frontier” which described some aspects of their work with ceramics and faunal remains from Foreman’s Tavern at Hanna’s Town, in conjunction with their theses. Beyer and Smith won third place in the student poster competition for this poster.

In addition, several IUP undergraduate and graduate students competed in the SPA’s annual Primitive Game competition, and three of these students took prizes. Amanda Snyder won first place in the women’s tomahawk throw. Tim Carn won first place in the men’s hoop and spear competition, and Dario D’Angelis (undergraduate Anthropology major, Archaeology Track) won second place in the men’s atlatl accuracy competition.

Department of Anthropology

Neusius is a life member of this society, which she originally joined in 1987, and has served as its first vice president for the past year.

The SPA was organized in 1929 in order to promote the scientific study and conservation of Pennsylvania’s archaeological resources, disseminate archaeological knowledge, and foster exchange between professional and avocational archaeologists. There are 18 active local chapters of the society operating throughout the state. The society publishes the journal Pennsylvania Archaeologist.

Department of Anthropology

The Ethics Bowl will pit two teams of four against each other in a debate. The teams are made up of M.A. students in the Applied Archaeology program who have prepared for three months to hone their knowledge of archaeological ethics and debate tactics. This event, modeled on a similar competition hosted by the Society for American Archaeology, offers students the opportunity to grapple with thorny ethical issues that are often faced by professional archaeologists.

The competition will be judged by John Kilmarx (IUP, associate VP for Academic Administration), Angela Jaillet-Wentling (GAI Consultants, Inc., archaeologist), and Lisa Dugas (URS, senior archaeologist). Angie and Lisa are both alumni of the Applied Archaeology program and veterans of Ethics Bowl competitions.

The Anthropology Department Graduate Colloquium is a student-run organization that provides opportunities for Anthropology graduate students to broaden their education. The Colloquium hosts approximately five events a year, including guest lectures and outings. The current Colloquium organizers are Jamie Dworsky and Mark Durante.

Department of Anthropology

Lambda Alpha is the international honors society for students of anthropology. The name Lambda Alpha comes from the initial letters of the Greek words logos anthropou, meaning the “study of man.” The society was originally founded with the purpose of encouraging scholarship and research in anthropology. Lambda Alpha has grown to include more than 170 chapters.

Ford delivered the evening’s keynote lecture and discussed his ongoing work searching for War of 1812 shipwrecks in Lake Ontario.

During the War of 1812, American and British shipbuilders at Sackets Harbor and Kingston produced more than 20 warships for use on Lake Ontario, some carrying more than 100 cannons. But with the end of the war, these ships no longer had a purpose. Some were sold, some were scrapped, some wrecked, and some sank at anchor. Ford’s talk discussed the fates of the fleets, summarizing those that have been lost, those that have been found, and those yet to be found. He also discussed recent interdisciplinary work to identify two of them in New York’s Black River Bay. The Black River Bay survey combined archaeological and geophysical techniques in an attempt to identify the remains of an armed barge and the frigate Mohawk.

Department of Anthropology

The Society for Applied Anthropology (SfAA), an organization of anthropologists dedicated to the application of anthropological research to solving human problems, hosts a meeting annually.

Victor Garcia and students Carly Ryther, Robin Matty, and Rachel Scherer at the SFAA in Denver

Victor Garcia organized the panel, and four students from the Fall 2012 semester course Anthropology 456: Ethnographic Field Methods presented their research papers. Amy Salsgiver, an Anthropology major graduate who has completed a M.A. in Geography, presented her research paper, “Appalachian Coal Heritage: Ethnography and the Discovery of Heritage.” Robin Matty presented “The Visitor Experience at the University Museum.” Carly Ryther presented “Personality in Greek Life: Introvert, Extrovert, or Does it Really Matter?” Rachel Scherer presented “IUP ResLife Culture: A Comparison of Suite and Traditional Residence Halls.”

During the session: Amy Salsgiver, Robin Matty, Victor Garcia, Carly Ryther, and Rachel Sherer

Department of Anthropology

Students and community members can come and participate in eco-friendly activities organized by on- and off-campus groups and local businesses.

Live music will play all day, including music by Look Left, William Forest, Painted by Millions, Moses and Meg, and the Dust Rebellion. Activities include a mineral sale, a used book sale, e-recycling (offered from 10:30 to 1:30), a gardening section with plants and information on the Indiana Community Garden, nutrition demonstrations, free Common Place coffee, and more.

Come celebrate Earth Day!

Department of Anthropology

Students and community members can come and participate in eco-friendly activities organized by on- and off-campus groups and local businesses. President Michael Driscoll will provide welcoming remarks at 11:00 a.m.

Live music will play all day, including music by Look Left, William Forest, Painted by Millions, Moses and Meg, and the Dust Rebellion. Activities include a mineral sale, a used book sale, e-recycling (offered from 10:30 to 1:30), a gardening section with plants and information on the Indiana Community Garden, nutrition demonstrations, free Common Place coffee, and more. 

In case of rain, the plan is to move the event to Monday, same time and place in the Oak Grove.

Come celebrate Earth Day!

Department of Anthropology

Stefanie Smith and Ryan Spittler received a third place award for the College of Humanities and Social Science for their poster titled “An Evaluation of MNE, MAU, and Meat Weight of Faunal Remains at the Johnston Site.” Matthew Howryla, Victoria Harding, and Adam Burke took fourth place for the college with their poster titled “Cultural Modification on Faunal Remains from the Johnston Site.”

The Posters Included:

• Michael Whitehead and Jordon Loucks (Advisor: Sarah Neusius)
  “An Analysis of Johnston Site (36IN02) Secondary Zooarchaeological Data and Second-Order Taphonomic Processes”

Sarah Neusius (l) and Michael Whitehead with poster at Eastern States Archeological Federation conference in March 2013

• Stefanie Smith and Ryan Spittler (Advisor: Sarah Neusius)
  “An Evaluation of MNE, MAU, and Meat Weight of Faunal Remains at the Johnston Site (36In2)”
• Timothy Carn (Advisor: Benjamin Ford)
  “Changes in Gender Separation in On-Campus Housing at Two Colleges: A Historical Background and Argument for Applicability to Contemporary Social Trends”
• Matthew Howryla, Victoria Harding, and Adam Burke (Advisor: Sarah Neusius)
  “Cultural Modification of Bone at the Johnston Site (36IN0002)”

Department of Anthropology

Each spring, the Nautical Archaeology Program (NAP) of the Department of Anthropology at Texas A&M University, along with its affiliated institutions, hosts "Shipwreck Weekend." This annual event is designed to promote the various projects of the program, as well as to inform the general public of aspects of nautical archaeology. Visitors are invited to explore nautical archaeology and learn about the ongoing research into ships and shipboard life at Texas A&M University.

The archaeological investigations sponsored and supported by the Center for Maritime Archaeology and Conservation and the Institute of Nautical Archaeology take place all over the world. Archaeological work is often a long process, involving months in the field and years of study, making much of the work inaccessible to the general public. Shipwreck Weekend breaks that tradition by bringing nautical archaeology to a local audience.

Ford delivered the evening’s keynote lecture and discussed his ongoing work searching for War of 1812 shipwrecks in Lake Ontario.

During the War of 1812, American and British shipbuilders at Sackets Harbor and Kingston produced more than 20 war ships for use on Lake Ontario, some carrying more than 100 cannons. But with the end of the war, these ships no longer had a purpose. Some were sold, some were scrapped, some wrecked, and some sank at anchor. Recent interdisciplinary work has endeavored to identify which of these ships remain to be found and to search for two of them in New York’s Black River Bay. The Black River Bay survey combined archaeological and geophysical techniques in an attempt to identify the remains of an armed barge and the frigate Mohawk.

Other presentations reported on the Godavaya shipwreck in Sri Lanka, colonial shipwrecks of Brazil, and Gurob Ship-Cart Model.

Students who were recognized included Michele Troutman, recognized for best poster in the College of Humanities and Social Sciences; Gabrielle Lehigh, recognized for outstanding presentation; Carrie Aitkins, recognized for outstanding bibliography; and a group that included Kelly Muthler, Chloe Stevens, Bryana Urban, Katie Fox, Kathryn Edmondson, and Gabby Lehigh won the Environmentally Conscious Organization undergraduate research award for innovation in sustainability for their poster.

Student Presentations and Posters Included:

• The Visitor Experience at the University Museum by Robin Matty : 08:00:00 in Monogahela Room 1, Hadley Union
• Personality in Greek Life: ‘Introvert, Extrovert, or Does it Really Matter’ by Carly Ryther : 08:00:00 in Monogahela Room 1, Hadley Union
• Cultural Study of the Homer City Power Plant by Gabrielle Lehigh : 09:30:00 in Monogahela Room 1, Hadley Union
• Food and Generational Dislocation in China: The Role of the Fast Food Industry by Amanda Balough : 09:30:00 in Monogahela Room 2, Hadley Union
• Supporting the DREAM: An Analysis of Latino Student Perceptions of the DREAM Act by Alyssa Ortega : 11:00:00 in Monogahela Room 1, Hadley Union
• Sifting Behaviors: A Look at Methods in the Field by Michelle Dufford : 14:00:00 in Allegheny Room 2, Hadley Union
• Chronic Illness in Adolescence: A Comparative Ethnographic Study by Katherine Fox : 12:30:00 in Ohio Room, Hadley Union
• IUP ResLife Culture: The Community Assistant versus the Typical Student’s Perspective by Rachel Scherer : 12:30:00 in Ohio Room, Hadley Union
• Lithic Analysis: The Raw Materials Present in the Lithic Artifacts of the Johnston Site (36In2) by Michele Troutman : 12:30:00 in Ohio Room, Hadley Union
• Sustainable Indiana by Kelly Muthler, Chloe Stevens, Bryana Urban, Sean Herald, Gabrielle Lehigh, Kathryn Edmondson, and Katherine Fox : 12:30:00 in Ohio Room, Hadley Union
• Cultural Questions at the Johnston Site by Samantha Conklin, Chloe Stevens, Erin Wright, and Matthew Allen : 12:30:00 in Ohio Room, Hadley Union

Department of Anthropology

Pace’s research project, “How Many Graves are in Memorial Park? Using Geophysical and Historic Data to Search for ‘Lost Graves’” is the subject of her M.A. thesis. Although she was not able to attend the luncheon, her thesis advisor, Beverly Chiarulli of the Anthropology Department, accepted a certificate and $100 check in her behalf.

Meghan Pace presenting her research at the Transportation Research Board annual meeting, January 2013

Memorial Park in Indiana County, Pennsylvania, was founded as a Lutheran Cemetery and used from 1814 to 1875. Meghan found that although historic records indicate that the cemetery contains at least 33 graves based on visible grave markers, there may be many more. The goal of her research was to determine how many graves are in the cemetery through an intensive search of the historic records in Indiana, Pennsylvania, combined with geophysical surveys. The use of both historical and geophysical data should demonstrate the existence of graves in the surveyed area of the park that were believed to have been relocated in the 19th century, or empty grave shafts, remnants of their past occupants. Historic research will examine 19th-century newspaper archives for death notices that mention burial locations, genealogies from local informants, and other public records. Geophysical surveys were be conducted with a Geoscan FM256 Fluxgate Gradiometer to test contrasting levels of magnetized features relative to the earth’s magnetic fields. Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) surveys will be performed using the GSSI SIR-3000 model and the MALA X3M. It is often believed that GPR is the most reliable method for surveying historic cemeteries, although its success is highly dependent upon site conditions (Jones 2008). This research will provide a scholarly and systematic approach combining geophysical and historical data to identify the locations of “lost” graves and identify the cemetery’s remaining inhabitants.

Pace’s study focused on Memorial Park, the first Lutheran cemetery in Indiana, and the implications of magnetometry and ground penetrating radar surveys. It has been determined that both GPR and magnetometry can produce invaluable results when searching for lost and unmarked historic graves. The most reliable instrument of the three that were used was determined to be the GSSI ground penetrating radar. This conclusion was reached by the analyses of the multiple surveys and the verification from ground truthing. Given that four graves and/or headstones were identified from the excavation, all three instruments produced positive interpretations for identifying buried features.

The research objectives of this study were to determine areas where subsurface cultural features may be present and to explore the level of socioeconomic status of those interred in the cemetery. Using GPR and magnetometry at Memorial Park has addressed the proposed research question regarding their effectiveness and has also paved the way for future archaeological investigations at the site to locate more lost historic graves.

The results of the cumulative ground truthing phase of this study do suggest that those buried in Memorial Park could be of higher status. Historical research of previously standing headstones has alone suggested and supported the possibility of status-related burials. Some of those buried within the park include Dr. Jonathan French and his wife, June. French was the first doctor in the county and has been represented as being a man “of fine culture and a very successful physician” (Caldwell 1976; Wiley 1981). Other prominent early figures include Daniel Stanard, Esq. and his wife, Mary McAnulty Stanard. Revolutionary War veteran Peter Sutton is another prominent figure purported to be buried in the park. Sutton’s great-grandson, Thomas, became one of Indiana’s most successful businessman, banker, and lawyer. Furthermore, the child’s iron coffin for test unit 4 suggests that the family must have been quite wealthy to bury their child in such an expensive coffin. Cast iron coffins cost between $50 and $100 in the 19th century, while a simple pine coffin could be had for $2. According to the United States Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics Consumer Price Index Inflation Calculator, $2 in 1850 would be worth $58 today; $50 in 1850 would be worth $1,470 today; and $100 in 1850 would be worth $2,941 by today’s standards.

One advantage of conducting research at Memorial Park is there are no current plans to further develop or disturb the site. This can allow the planning of follow-up research sessions to identify more unmarked graves and return the identities of those who have been lost and forgotten. If possible, further GPR surveys should be conducted with the GSSI system, and excavation should be utilized to verify the results. If excavation is not a viable option, further GPR exploration and other geophysical techniques, such as magnetometry, would assist in locating lost graves.

Developments with GPR and magnetometry modeling and processing can only benefit the field of archaeology. This study has specifically demonstrated the usefulness of geophysical survey when searching for historic graves at Memorial Park, and it is suggested that these techniques be implemented at other historic cemeteries to continue the efficiency and effectiveness of geophysical prospection.

This paper explores the effects of international mobility on perceptions of the state and on the national, ethnic, and gendered identities of return refugees in contemporary Eritrea. This project stems from ethnographic research on refugee resettlement in Eritrea, where Poole has researched state-society relations around resource management.

The conference series, hosted by the African Studies Center at the University of Florida, honors the late distinguished Africanist scholar Gwendolen M. Carter. Carter devoted her career to scholarship and advocacy concerning the politics of inequality and injustice, especially in southern Africa. She also worked to foster the development of African Studies as an academic enterprise. In the spirit of her career, the annual Carter lectures offers the university community and the greater public the perspectives of Africanist scholars on issues of pressing importance to the peoples and societies of Africa. The theme of this year’s conference was “The Politics of Permanent Flux: State-Society Relations in the Horn of Africa.”

The presentations included:

New Investigations of the Johnston Phase of the Monongahela Culture in Western Pennsylvania

Beverly Chiarulli and Sarah Neusius

Beverly Chiarulli and Stephanie Smith at Stephanie’s poster

Poster Session Presentations

Cultural Modification of Bone at the Johnston Site

Matthew Howryla, Adam Burke, and Victoria Harding

Habitat Preference, Seasonality and the Monongahela: A Faunal Analysis of the Johnston Site (36IN002)

Samantha Savory, Jamie Dworsky, and Michelle Cole

Matt and Adam explain their poster on Faunal Analysis

An Evaluation of MNE, MAU, and Meat Weight of Faunal Remains at the Johnston Site (36In2)

Stefanie Smith and Ryan Spittler

From left: Jamie, Michelle, and Samantha at the conference

Seconds Please: An Analysis of Johnston Site (36IN02) Secondary Zooarchaeological Data and Second-Order Taphonomic Processes

Mike Whitehead and Jordan Loucks

Sarah Neusius and Mike Whitehead at ESAF

This was the 49th annual meeting of the Mid Atlantic Archaeological Conference. The mission of the organization is to provide a yearly conference and a professional journal for archaeologists, both avocational and professional, working in the Middle Atlantic area: a place to meet, discuss problems and issues, present recent work, and socialize with our colleagues.

The article summarizes recent work on the site by the University of Rhode Island and St. Mary’s College of California at the Iron Plate Wreck. The ship, carrying a cargo of iron plates that were possibly intended for use on an island fortification, sank off the coast of Bermuda, likely during the 19th century.

Daley participated in the excavation for graduate credit and to gain valuable experience in underwater archaeology.

Department of Anthropology

Garcia’s talk centered on the migrants’ use of traditional Alcoholics Anonymous groups and other AA-based groups, such as 24-hour groups—or anexos, as they are known in Mexico—to treat their alcohol and drug abuse.

Follow this link to read more about his presentation.

Department of Anthropology 

From left: Laurie Rush, Steve Tull, Jarrod Burks, Ira Beckerman, Sarah Neusius, Phil Neusius

Each year, members of the board who are professional archaeologists from government and industry meet with the faculty and students to provide advice and information on current needs and training needed for professional archaeologists. Board members included Ira Beckerman, cultural resource group leader for the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation; Steve Tull, vice president for URS Corporation; Laurie Rush, cultural resources manager at Fort Drum, N.Y.; and Jarrod Burks, director of geophysical survey and interpretation at Ohio Valley Archaeological Investigations.

During the visit, the board members joined in discussions in two classes on public archaeology and American archaeology, met with students to provide advice on resume building and job opportunities, and provided advice to the faculty on current employment needs and training opportunities.

“Unearthing the Forgotten Past at Pandenarium, Site 36ME0253” is part of the PHPO blog Pennsylvania Historic Preservation. In the post, Angela details her research at the site and how it relates to larger issues of slavery and manumission before the American Civil War.

Pandenarium was established in 1854 by the family of Charles Everett as a home for his former slaves. Everett, a Virginia plantation owner, manumitted his slaves upon his death and made provisions for them to settle in the North. Mercer County, Pennsylvania, was chosen as the site for Pandenarium because of the region’s support of abolition. While the town of Pandenarium was eventually abandoned, many of the inhabitants’ descendants still live in the area.

Angela’s research focused on identifying where the original families lived within the town-site and recovering artifacts that illustrate life within the town.

This full-time, temporary, grant-funded program coordinator 1 non-exempt position is funded from April 1, 2013, through March 30, 2014. Depending on funding availability and satisfactory performance, the position may be continued for additional years. The successful candidate will supervise field projects and artifact analyses, write and edit project reports, and perform other duties as required.

Position Qualifications

A bachelor’s degree in Anthropology or Archaeology or a related field is required. A master’s degree in Anthropology or Archaeology is preferred. Familiarity with basic field methodologies and forms is required (as demonstrated by work experience or archaeological field school in the northeastern U.S.).

At least one year of archaeological field experience is required. Candidates must be able to use Microsoft Access and other word processing and spreadsheet computer programs and survey and mapping instruments, including handheld and other GPS units. Experience with geophysical instruments, including ground penetrating radar, is preferred. Previous experience working on Pennsylvania Department of Transportation Cultural Resource investigations is preferred. Familiarity with Pennsylvania State Guidelines and PennDOT procedures and projects is preferred.

Candidates must communicate effectively, perform well in the interview(s), and demonstrate technical writing skills.

Special Instructions to Applicants

• A Technical writing sample is required.
• Deadline for receipt of applications is March 7, 2013.
• Please do not fax, mail, or e-mail any documentation.

IUP is a member of the Pennsylvania State System of Higher Education and is an equal opportunity employer M/F/H/V.

This textbook, which has been used widely in North American universities since it was first published in 2007, provides an updated introduction to what archaeologists have learned about North America’s pre-Columbian and historic past for advanced undergraduates and beginning graduate students. It places this information in the context of contemporary archaeological practice and provides case studies drawn from both academic archaeology and Cultural Resource Management. Besides case studies, this book include profiles of contemporary archaeologists, issues and debates sections, and special features on key artifacts.

The first edition of this book was praised for being the first textbook on this subject to address the findings of North American archaeology in ethical, political, and social context.

Hanna’s Town, founded by Robert Hanna in 1769, became the first English county seat west of the Allegheny Mountains in 1773. It was the “capital” of Westmoreland County, which at the time included much of present-day southwestern Pennsylvania.

By 1775, the town included more than 30 houses, a stockade (Fort Reed), a blockhouse, a jail, three taverns, and numerous barns, stables, and outbuildings. The majority of these buildings were situated along Forbes Road near a spring. During the 1770s, Hanna’s Town rivaled Pittsburgh in terms of size and importance.

Ben Ford speaking at the colloquium

Hanna’s Town provided a meeting place for the residents of the region; a place where they could come to trade, to socialize and politic, to register or transfer property, and to have their case heard in court. Hanna’s Town was also an embarkation point for settlers expanding further into southwestern Pennsylvania, Ohio, and West Virginia.

As a European foothold west of the Alleghenies, Hanna’s Town was contested both by other colonies and by the original inhabitants of the region. The town supported Pennsylvania’s claim to the region at a time when Pittsburgh (Fort Pitt) was inhabited by people who wanted the region to be part of Virginia. Similarly, the local Native Americans realized the threat that Hanna’s Town and the settlers that it supported posed to their lands in the Old Northwest Territory.

In part due to these conflicts, the town prospered only briefly as a regional political and commercial center, and on July 13, 1782, all but two of the town’s dwellings were burned by a combined force of Seneca and British. The destruction of the town hastened the end of its regional importance: limited rebuilding occurred after the attack, the new state road bypassed the town in the mid-1780s, and the Westmoreland County court was moved to Newtown (Greensburg) in 1787. By 1800, the town had ceased to function as such.

Following the abandonment of the town, the area reverted to farmland and was not subsequently developed. The active life of the site, consequently, spanned only one generation, making it a unique historical archaeological site with a short occupation and an identifiable marker horizon caused by the burning.

The IUP Anthropology Department has been working with the Westmoreland County Historical Society (WCHS) since 2010 to archaeologically investigate the site of Hanna’s Town. IUP conducted an archaeological field school at the site in 2011 and will hold another field school there this summer (contact Ben Ford at nywq@iup.edu about the field school). There have also been several student projects, including a geophysical investigation and a study centering on one of the previously excavated taverns.

IUP faculty and students are also working to digitize the four decades of excavation records for the site. This work consists of creating an artifact database and a GIS to synthesize all of the previous field maps. The digitization project is funded by the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission and an IUP University Senate Research Grant. There are also many more projects that can be undertaken at the site.

The ultimate goal of the IUP/WCHS partnership is to increase both public and scholarly knowledge about the site and to ensure the long-term protection and accessibility of the archaeological collections.

Students in the 2011 Field School at Hannas Town

Have you ever wondered what it would be like to participate in an archaeological excavation? If so, you can register for the Anthropology Department’s five-week Archaeological Field School this summer.

The five-week field school will be held during the Summer II term and will meet six days per week (Monday through Saturday). The graduate and undergraduate sections will be concurrent. No experience is required for ANTH 320/520, which can be taken for undergraduate or graduate credit. Junior or senior undergraduates can apply to take the course for graduate credit. ANTH 740, the advanced field school, is limited to graduate students with previous experience.

Historic Hanna’s Town in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, founded in 1773, was the first English court west of the Allegheny Mountains and, for a time, vied with Pittsburgh for regional dominance. In 1782, the town was destroyed by a combined British/Native American force and, by the early 19th century, the site was abandoned, leaving a unique, single-generation glimpse of 18th-century life in Western Pennsylvania and the Northwest Territory.

Contact the Anthropology Department for an application. All registrations are by instructor permission only. Applications are due no later than March 29, 2013.

Staff and Students in the 2011 Hannas Town Field

Courses

ANTH 320/520 Archaeological Field School (6 credits)

An introduction to archaeological survey, field excavation, and laboratory processing. Required for all Archaeology Track students or graduate students without significant field experience, can be taken by any undergraduate or graduate student interested in archaeology.

ANTH 740 Advanced Archaeological Field Methods (6 credits)

Advanced instruction in survey and excavation field methods and technology, with an emphasis on the application of research designs to field settings, and the logistics of supervising field projects.

Cost: Six credits, either graduate or undergraduate, at the IUP Summer rate. Housing may be available through the IUP Office of Housing, Residential Living, and Dining or can be obtained individually.

Field Assistant Positions

This assistantship will provide funding for a field supervisor at the summer 2013 field school and will continue funding into the 2013–2014 academic year. The student must be an incoming or current member of the IUP Applied Archaeology M.A. program and must be available from July 15 through August 16. Responsibilities will include supervising students during the field school, and processing artifacts and records during the academic year. The field assistant will be paid $500 during the field school and will be a 10-hr/wk research assistant during the academic year, which entitles the student to a salary and partial tuition. In addition to funding and supervisory experience, this internship will provide access to a large dataset that may be used for an M.A. thesis.

In order to apply for this assistantship, please send an e-mail to Ben Ford (ben.ford@iup.edu) explaining your interest in the position and why you feel that you would be a good field supervisor. It is also necessary to complete an IUP Graduate Assistantship Application if you have not already done so. Both the e-mail to Ford and the IUP Assistantship Application are due by March 15, 2013.

For additional information, contact Ben Ford at nywq@iup.edu, or Phil Neusius at phun@iup.edu.

During the trip, she met with representatives of the United Nations to discuss state-level policies in Cambodia and the impact they have on the women and men who sell sex; with an international public health organization to understand how laws and policies affect the organization’s HIV-prevention and treatment efforts; and with national and international sex-worker organizations to hear what their members’ concerns are. In addition to her research, the trip was meaningful because she was there during the national observation of the liberation of the country from the genocidal Khmer Rouge by the Vietnamese. She spent the day visiting Choeung Ek (also known as the “Killing Fields”) with two friends who were personally affected by the violence—one is now a monk, and the other a tuk-tuk taxi driver.

Anastasia Hudgins, IUP Anthropology professor, with a friend in Phnom Penh, Cambodia

Hudgins will return in July and August 2013 when she and two Anthropology majors will conduct additional research. As Hudgins explains, “This trip was valuable to me (and hopefully useful for IUP) because it allows me to bring my research into the classroom, and make anthropology come alive for my students in Liberal Studies and Anthropology courses.”

Her research was supported through funding from the University Senate Research Committee Small Grants Program.

The poster, titled “Multi-Instrument Geophysical Investigations of Historic Cemeteries,” described research in historic cemeteries using geophysical instruments to locate “lost” or unmarked graves. In one section of the poster, Pace described her research in Memorial Park in Indiana, Pa. In another section, Chiarulli described research that she and Pace conducted in an historic cemetery in DuBois. The poster will be available in mid-March through TRB Annual Meeting Online, a collection of information resources from the annual meeting.

The Transportation Research Board TRB is one of six major divisions of the National Research Council—a private, nonprofit institution that is the principal operating agency of the National Academies in providing services to the to the government, the public, and the scientific and engineering communities. The annual meeting attracted 11,700 transportation professionals from around the world to Washington, D.C., January 13-17, 2013.

Meghan Pace at the TRB Poster Session

Abstract

Historic cemeteries are both archaeological and historic resources. They provide tangible evidence of a community’s or a family’s past. Community cemeteries remind us of our past, even if we have no direct ancestors buried there, by the reminders they contain of the cultural and religious influences that have made our communities what they are today. Because they are fragile resources, cemetery preservation efforts have become an important venue for community preservation efforts. However, these efforts are often hampered by the lack of detailed records on the location of graves, the common perception that cemeteries contain more graves than those marked by headstones, the rumors that many graves were relocated, and oral histories that suggest some graves were located beyond the current marked boundaries. All of these can be combined into a larger problem of determining if any particular cemetery contains “lost graves.”

Geophysical instruments can be used to identify soil anomalies, but are less successful in determining which are actual unmarked graves and which are natural soil anomalies without some kind of excavation. The development of methods using nondestructive technologies would be of great benefit to cemetery preservation efforts. This project describes a nondestructive approach to the problem of identifying “lost” graves in historic cemeteries which combines three advanced technologies: ground penetrating radar, the Bartington MS2H Downhole sensor, and the Olympus Delta X Premium XRF Analyzer.

While ground penetrating radar has been commonly used in cemetery investigations, it is often difficult to determine if the anomalies represent graves or changes in bedrock formations. The Bartington MS2H Downhole sensor can be used with a small probe to assess the organic composition of the anomaly profile. The Olympus XRF Analyzer can then analyze the mineral composition of soil removed by the probe to identify possible minerals associated with grave decomposition, including calcium.

This poster describes the preliminary results of the application of this methodology to the investigation of two historic cemeteries in Western Pennsylvania.

Department of Anthropology

The students assisted the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission (PHMC) and PennDot with their annual exhibit on archaeological sites in the Commonwealth. All of the students were part of the PennDot Highway Archaeological Survey Team in 2012.

Each year, the PHMC has an exhibit on archaeology in the Commonwealth designed to raise awareness about archaeological sites and issues in Pennsylvania. The 2013 theme of the exhibit was commemorating the 250th anniversary of the end of the French and Indian War. The PHMC estimates that some 38,000 people were engaged during the exhibit, receiving complimentary Archaeology Month posters, Heritage magazines, temporary tattoos of the Archaeology Section logo, and a growing series of archaeology brochures, including this year’s, which focuses on the French and Indian War in Pennsylvania. More details on the exhibit are in the PHMC blog “This Week in Pennsylvania Archaeology.”

Right: Amanda Snyder volunterring at the Farm Show 2013 (Courtesy PHMC)

The Pennsylvania Farm Show is the largest indoor agricultural exposition in the country, with nearly 6,000 animals, 10,000 competitive exhibits and 300 commercial exhibits. This year was the 97th celebrating agriculture.

Department of Anthropology 

Ford’s talk summarized four years of combined archaeological, historical, and geological investigations to locate the archaeological remains of America’s War of 1812 fleet in Lake Ontario. He discussed the known wrecks, including the Hamilton and Scourge, and vessels that remain to be found, such as the dispatch schooner Lady of the Lake.

The presentation, attended by approximately 50 people, ended with a discussion of Ford and Katie Farnsworth’s recent search for the frigate Mohawk and an unnamed gunboat. This recent work utilized a variety of techniques, including side-scan sonar, sub-bottom profiling, magnetometry, through-ice ground penetrating radar, and excavation.

Department of Anthropology

Right: Beverly Chiarulli during the WAC 7 tour of the World Heritage Site of Petra

Chiarulli’s presentation described how a course in the IUP M.A. in Applied Archaeology program was designed to help students develop critical professional skills like teamwork, public engagement, and communication. The goal of the course is to provide students with an opportunity to work with new technologies as well as develop professional skills. Student teams plan and conduct geophysical surveys for outside “clients” like the Archaeological Conservancy, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Indiana County Trails and Parks Department, local archaeological and historic societies, and community organizations. The paper was part of the session “Teaching and Training the Next Generation to Practice and to Teach.”

Chiarulli was also a member of the WAC Scientific Program Committee. An important part of the Congresses is that participants have the opportunity to tour local archaeological sites, like Petra, a World Heritage site in southern Jordan.

Left: Chiarulli and Ben Thomas from the Archaeological Institute of America at WAC 7

Over 1,000 participants from 70 countries attended the Congress. Held once every four years, WAC Congresses are organized around overarching themes, each of which contains multiple sessions that relate to the same overall issue. Sessions and individual contributions (papers, posters, multimedia presentations) were proposed for existing sessions, or independently, to be placed into the program as it developed.

Above: 2011 PHAST crew members with PennDot Cultural Resource professional Susanne Haney (left)

The first of these projects consists of funding for the 2013–2014 season of the PennDot Highway Archaeological Survey Team (PHAST) program. In this project, IUP staff and students work with PennDot Cultural Resource professionals to conduct small archaeological investigations as part of the PennDot highway planning process. This award for $122,378 will fund the program from April 1, 2013, through March 30, 2014.

Above: IUP students in the Curation Lab in 2011. All of this material is now in the Pennsylvania State Museum.

The other project will continue a long-term effort by PennDot to prepare archaeological collections recovered during highway construction projects to be prepared for permanent curation at the Pennsylvania State Museum. In June 2012, Archaeological Services completed an effort to conserve more than 500,000 artifacts and move them to the State Museum. Not only were these materials preserved, but the many IUP students hired for the project gained experience for their future careers. The new project, which received $52,000 in funding, will be much more limited, but will again help preserve the tangible heritage of Pennsylvania.

Findings related to this project were also published in the Journal of Hispanic Education, Teaching Anthropology: Publication of the Society for Anthropology in Community Colleges, and the Community College Enterprise: A Journal of Research and Practice.

More details are available on the MARTI website.



Department of Anthropology

Espino, Van Dam, and Brown’s article, “Archaeological Prospection of the Hatfield Site: A Monongahela Tradition Village in Washington County, Pennsylvania,” discusses their geophysical investigation at this major site south of Pittsburgh. They employed magnetic susceptibility, magnetic gradient, and ground-penetrating radar to identify subsurface features, including dwellings and pits. The work leading to this article began as a class project for Archaeological Geophysics and built on Espino’s excavations at the site with the Society for Pennsylvania Archaeology.

Above: Espino with poster version of the paper at the Society for Pennsylvnaia Archaeology annual meeting in spring 2012

Libbon’s article, “We Had Everything but Money: A Study of Buying Strategies at a Civilian Conservation Corps Camp in the Allegheny National Forest,” summarizes his comparison of the Allegheny Forest camp to other CCC camps and Depression-era domestic sites. He found that even when the CCC enrollees had discretionary income, they continued to make thrifty buying decisions similar to other citizens during the Depression.

Jon Libbon presenting his thesis research to the Anthropology Department in May 2011

The Anthropology Department is very proud of these students and their drive to complete the scientific process by publishing their results.

Students in Poole’s ANTH 420 Cultural Ecology class worked with and interviewed local and state organizations dealing with issues of sustainability in Indiana County. This community-based research project builds on the work done in the Anthropology Department on the social impacts of Marcellus Shale development, addressing questions about quality of life and connection to place that have begun in our area with the beginning of this industry. These student projects resulted in qualitative interviews, survey data, and a video that can be used to inform the long-term goals and strategic planning of these organizations as they grapple with attaining economic, social, and ecological sustainability for our region.

Read the news article in the Indiana Gazette.

Chiarulli also served as the guest editor of the issue, which consisted of five articles on the analysis of stone tools used by the Pre-Columbian Maya in Belize. The article compared the types ot tools and manufacturing processes found at two Maya cities in Northern Belize that were part of trade network that moved tools from manufacturing sites to consumer communities.

Anthropology alumna Erica Ausel, now a graduate student at the University of Indiana at Bloomington, also has an article in the issue. In "Lithic Analysis of Chau Hiix, Belize: Raw Material Consumption and Artifact Types," Ausel presents research she completed for her honors thesis at IUP.

Students Amanda Balough, Kathryn Edmondson, Taralyn Federoff, Katherine Fox, Sean Herald, Gabrielle Lehigh, Kelly Muthler, Chloe Stevens, and Bryana Urban presented.

The ATP engages students and regional citizens in the question, "How can we build a sustainable future for Appalachian communities?"

The ATP emerged in 2001 from meetings of the Consortium of Appalachian Centers and Appalachian Regional Commission that resulted in grant-supported pilot efforts to involve students and faculty in a regional teaching collaboration.

The Consortium of Appalachian Centers is composed of 15 colleges, universities, and community colleges from the Appalachian region that are dedicated to working together to improve the quality of life for residents of the Appalachian region.

The archaeology booth, co-sponsored by the Pennsylvania Archaeological Council and IUP Archaeological Services, presents material on Pennsylvania archaeology including free publications from the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation, and the National Park Service.

In addition, Smeltzer included virtual reality re-creations of archaeological sites and historic structures from Archaeology Island, now part of ScienceSim, a virtual environment used as a tool for visualization, training, and scientific discovery.

ScienceSim includes the re-creation of a Monongahela Village investigated in Western Pennsylvania, a Roman site in Cyprus, an underwater shipwreck, a Maya site in Belize, and a recent recreation of the Laurel Hill /Brown farm. The farm, established in 1790 and occupied until the 1960s, was the site of an antebellum community of former slaves. Because of its inaccessibility, it has been virtually reconstructed to show the landscape, buildings, and stone marking the graves of Civil War Colored Troops.

A new addition to the virtual site is a reconstruction of the Lemon House at the Allegheny Portage National Historic Site.

Smeltzer has been actively developing lesson plans and educational materials that teachers can use in conjunction with the virtual reconstructions.

The partnership developed from the Appalachian Teaching Project (ATP), which engages students and regional citizens in posing answers to the question, "How can we build a sustainable future for Appalachian communities?"

The project teaches students and communities about the work of the Appalachian Regional Commission, its strategic goals, and its state and local partners. The 2012 ATP students met with the CHC steering committee at the beginning of the Fall semester to begin a collaborative project with the goal of building a foundation of data that can lead to asset-based sustainable development in our region.

This project involved a survey of CHC individual members regarding cultural and environmental assets, perceptions of environmental risks, and priorities for working towards a sustainable future in Indiana county. The survey will help to identify specific places of concern in the the county community that may be the target for future brownfields remediation projects conducted by CHC and partner organizations.

The second aspect of the "envisioning sustainability project" involved video interviews with organizations that are members of CHC and groups they work closely with on issues of sustainability. These interviews explored their vision of sustainability in Indiana County and the efforts of their organization to achieve that vision.  Nine Anthropology students presented on this research at the annual Appalachian Teaching Project Conference in Washington, D.C., on November 30–December 1.

For more information, contact Amanda Poole at amanda.poole@iup.edu or go to www.coalitionforahealthycounty.wordpress.com.

Directed by Professor Beverly Chiaurlli and Sarah Neusius, the IUP Late Historic Project is a long-term research focus of the Anthropology Department investigation of villages dated between A.D. 1000 and 1500.

The blog posting also introduced Callista Holmes as a member of the PHMC Archaeological Laboratory staff. Holmes is a student in the Master’s program in Applied Archaeology.

The 2012 IUP Fieldschool

The goals of the IUP Late Prehistoric Project are to reconstruct the Late Prehistoric settlement systems in the northern and southern parts of Indiana County. Different cultural groups lived in the county during this period. IUP faculty have investigated villages in both parts of the county and are trying to understand the dynamics of their interactions. 

Johnston Pottery in the Carnegie Museum of Natural History

More information on the 2012 Fieldschool is on the June 29, 2012, Day of Archaeology website.  Archaeologists from all over the world were invited to submit short entries describing what they were doing on that day. 

Both instruments are now on campus and will be used in Spring 2013 for a variety of research projects.

Photo: Archaeologists Bev Chiarulli, Sarah Neusius, and Ben Ford (L to R) with the IDS StreamX

Multichannel (array) ground penetrating radar systems are the latest GPR technology. These systems have been available only in the last few years and are used by only a few universities in the world. The IDS Stream X is the first multiple array instrument to receive general approval for use in the United States by the FCC. In these instruments, the radar array is comprised of several antenna/receiver pairs. Multiple lines of data are acquired simultaneously as the array moves along the surface. As objects come into view, their shape, size, and position can clearly be seen. IUP is one of the first universities in the U.S. to acquire this instrumentation.

The Leica ScanStation C10 is the most effective type of 3D scanner, a pulsed scanner, in a compact platform. It features major advances in productivity, versatility, and ease-of-use for as-built and topographic High-Definition Surveying (HDS). All-in-one scanner capabilities give users the advantage of high-accuracy, long-range scanning plus the advantage of fast, full-dome interior scanning in one instrument.

They will expand our ability to train IUP graduate and undergraduate students in critical and rapidly developing technologies as well as give students from other universities opportunities to participate in using these state-of-the-art instruments in collaborative projects.

Following graduation, most IUP students in anthropology, archaeology, and history pursue careers that require technical skills in surveying and mapping expertise. IUP provides students with opportunities to learn and apply these skills. No less significant, the instrumentation would also ensure that the faculty remains current in the use of this advanced technology and methods for incorporating it their classes and training programs. Third, owing to the fact that our projects are carried out throughout the U.S. and abroad in conjunction with multiple research institutes or universities, the use of these instruments will result in the dissemination of knowledge of these advanced technologies and novel interpretive paradigms to other parts of the world.

Hudgins presented "Money Talks, Health Walks: Discourses Framing Fracking in Rural Pennsylvania” in a panel titled “Energy, Environment, Engagement: Anthropological Encounters with Hydraulic Fracking."

Abstract

This paper explores the ways people in a rural county in Southwest Pennsylvania perceive themselves to be affected by hydraulic fracturing. The study, still in early stages, focuses primarily on a group of long-term renters in a trailer court situated adjacent to a fracking well pad and a containment pond where the chemical and water admixture from the fracking process is stored. Rooted in an analysis of the influence of community networks and people’s relationships to the land, this paper examines the ways people talk about the health impacts of fracking, and situates it as an extension of the long history of extraction in this area, including coal mining, shallow well natural gas drilling and oil drilling. Dominant discourses in this economically depressed area frame fracking as a financial boon to the county, rendering irrelevant, even suspect, discussion about the relationship between the environment and health. Reports based on preliminary data collection will focus on how relationships among community members influence competing discourses surrounding fracking.

In "Envisioning Engagement: Fostering Community Dialogue on Fracking through Participatory Film," Poole presented the lessons learned from an ethnographic field school in Indiana County conducted during Summer 2012. The goal was to engage students and community members in the use of visual media to foster dialogue about varied perceptions about quality of life at the early stages of the natural gas boom.

The paper was presented in a session titled "Energy, Environment, Engagement: Anthropological Encounters with Hydraulic Fracturing."

Abstract

Recent ethnographic research in communities deeply impacted by the onset of the fracking industry in northeastern PA has suggested that new dialogues are emerging about the nature and meaning of place-attachment and quality of life, particularly in the face of sweeping social and environmental changes and the kinds of community trauma engendered by this process (Perry 2012). Indiana County, in western PA, is just beginning to see a boom in hydraulic fracturing for natural gas; the leasing process, both pervasive and opaque, embodies the promises and dangers of re-industrialization in a region that has been described as an “energy colony,” where the legacy of coal colors the water and shapes the relationship of people to place. This paper examines the lessons learned from an ethnographic field school in Indiana County conducted during Summer 2012 with the goal of engaging students and community members in the use of visual media to foster dialogue about varied perceptions about quality of life at the early stages of a process of re-industrialization. This paper will draw from primary video footage in order to explore questions about the role of ethnographic and collaborative filmmaking by students and community members as a tool to potentially: reveal conflicting community responses to shifts in a regional culture of energy; address the power differentials of social science vis à vis the fracking industry; and draw from local projects to fill gaps in data related to the social, cultural, and somatic experiences of people impacted by fracking in their communities.

The Society for Historical Archaeology (SHA) is the largest organization in the world dedicated to the archaeological study of the modern world and the third largest anthropological organization in the United States. The board od Directors consist of four officers, six directors, two editors, and the chair of the Advisory Council on Underwater Archaeology. The board is responsible for the management and control of the property and affairs of the SHA.

Department of Anthropology

Garcia presented “Enumerating Hispanic Immigrants: Observations from Census Studies and Recommendations for an Accurate Count” at the H2R 2012: International Conference on Methods for Surveying and Enumerating Hard-to-Reach Populations. The conference was held in New Orleans, Louisiana, from October 31 to November 3, 2012.

Garcia also presented “The Drug Trade and Transnational Migration: The Emergence of a New Drug Culture and Economy” in a rural development open session at the 13th World Congress of Rural Sociology, held in Lisbon, Portugal, in August 2012.

Please follow this link for full details of these papers.

Department of Anthropology

Right: Seth Van Dam and Beverly Chiarulli during Arizona survey

During the project, the IUP team surveyed areas and discovered buried walls and other archaeological features to aid local archaeologists in their investigation of the area. Several locations were investigated for evidence of past occupations. The survey was part of a project currently being conducted by Northland Research.

Pace and Van Dam are students in the Anthropology Department’s M.A. in Applied Archaeology program.

Left: Seth Van Dam and Meghan Pace Surveying with the GPR

Means in the author of the important resource on the Monongahela Tradition, Circular Villages of the Monongahela Tradition, as well as articles on WPA archaeology in western Pennsylvania and elsewhere. He received his Ph.D. from Arizona State University, and did his undergraduate work at Occidental College in Los Angeles.

All are invited to attend this lecture.

Department of Anthropology

Performances will be by:

• Mathew White Eagle Clair, a Native American performing artist and Mikmaq native from the Elsipogtog Reserve in New Brunswick, Canada
• Bill Crouse, an enrolled member of the Seneca Nation of Indians and a freelance artist and leader and head singer of the Seneca dance group Allegany River Indian Dancers
• Charles and Ira Eagletail, dancers
• Frank Littlebear, flute player
• Michael Cougar Salamh, dancer
• Narcisco Salas and Quentin Bear Fuller, drummers

Several vendors will be at the event, including Bear Creations (native art) as well as native food vendors.

The event is cosponsored by the Administration and Leadership Studies program, the Department of Religious Studies, the Sociology Department, the Anthropology Club, and Reeger’s Farm Market.

The NAAC membership includes Clifton Pembleton, chair; Sandra Pembleton, secretary-treasurer; faculty members Sarah Neusius, cochair Anthropology; James Dougherty, Sociology; Melanie Hildebrandt, Sociology; Amanda Poole, Anthropology; Monte Tidwell, Professional Studies in Education; Theresa Smith, Religious Studies; Bobby Jo Zapor, student; Jennifer Soliday, student; Dan Mock; and Kinorea Tigris (Cherokee, Creek, Oglala, Lakota, and Sioux).

The NAAC has as its mission to inform the university and wider Indiana community about historical and contemporary issues in Native American culture. The council sponsors events, speakers, films, exhibits, and other education events in an effort to separate stereotypes of indigenous Americans from realities and to provide educational opportunities to the entire community. The council pays special attention to the past and present of native peoples in Pennsylvania and in the eastern woodlands.

Its goals include creating a strong Native American studies program at IUP; recruiting Native American students to IUP through a cultural exchange program; setting up an NAAC scholarship program; developing an internship program for IUP student teachers at Indian reservations throughout the country; placing historical markers on campus near the Hadley Union Building at the intersection of the Catawba Trail and the Kittanning Trail, two of the most important Native American paths in the state; designing and maintaining an NAAC website; and sponsoring ongoing educational events.

November was designated as National American Indian Heritage Month in 1990 in a resolution signed by President George H.W. Bush.

Department of Anthropology

The students included Lydia DeHaven, Ryan Spittler, Sara Rubino, Ryan Clark, and Michael Whitehead.

Chiarulli organized a session titled “Geophysical Approaches to Investigating Archaeological Sites” in which she and the students presented papers on their geophysical projects. Ford presented in a session titled “The War of 1812 as Viewed from Both Sides of the Border.”

The conference was held in Perrysville, Ohio.

ESAF is an organization of state archaeological societies from the Eastern United States and Canada.

Front, from left: Ryan Spittler, Lydia DeHaven. Back, from left: Sara Rubino, Ryan Clark, and Mike Whitehead

Ben Ford: “War of 1812 Shipwreck Survey, Black River Bay, New York”

Abstract

During the summer of 2011, an interdisciplinary team of archaeologists and geoscientists surveyed the Black River Bay of Lake Ontario to locate two War of 1812 shipwrecks and determine the geologic history of the bay. The survey did not yield any War of 1812 wrecks, but the geologic component provided data that sheds light on site preservation within Black River Bay. This paper discusses the nautical archaeology of Great Lakes War of 1812 shipwrecks, specific survey methods and results, and observations on successfully integrating geophysical and archaeological research.

Beverly Chiarulli: “Using Archaeological Geophysics To Develop Student Professionalism”

Abstract

The IUP M.A. in Applied Archaeology was designed to train professional archaeologists. Most of our graduates will be employed in the fields of cultural resource management, historic preservation, public archaeology, and heritage planning and tourism. In these settings, students will need skills that include teamwork, public engagement, and experience in oral and written communication. One of the courses that students take to develop these skills is Specialized Methods in Archaeology, which is taught each semester and rotates between topical courses in archaeological geophysics, zooarchaeology, historic artifact analysis, and prehistoric artifact analysis. This paper discusses one of those courses, Archaeological Geophysics. The goal of the course is to provide students with an opportunity to work with new technologies as well as develop professional skills. Student teams plan and conduct geophysical surveys for outside “clients” like the Archaeological Conservancy, U.S. Army Corps Of Engineers, Indiana County Trails and Parks Department, local archaeological and historic societies, and community organizations. They have to develop proposals for those groups, in some cases apply for ARPA permits, and prepare reports and conference presentations. This paper provides an overview of the course and discusses the strengths and weaknesses of this approach.

Ryan Spittler: “Locating The French And Indian War Era Native American Settlement At Aughwick Old Town”

Abstract

During the French and Indian War, between the summer of 1754 and the fall of 1756, a unique engagement between Native Americans and colonists occurred. Situated in Aughwick Old Town (present day Shirleysburg, Pennsylvania), approximately 200 Native Americans were settled in wooden cabins near Fort Shirley. Today, no visible trace of the Native American settlement or the fort exists. The little that is known about these circumstances comes from various historical documents. More recently, archaeological excavations being conducted in Shirleysburg have resulted in successfully locating Fort Shirley, but the exact location of Augwick Old Town is still unclear. This paper outlines the ongoing investigations to locate the Native American settlement at Aughwick Old Town. Extensive historical research, archaeological geophysical surveys, and archaeological artifact analyses have provided new insights into this unique part of the French and Indian War.

Lydia DeHaven: “A Geophysical Survey Of The Squirrel Hill Site and Its Relationship To The Monongahela Culture”

Abstract

The IUP Anthropology Department has conducted several investigations into the Johnston Phase of the Monongahela culture. Presently geophysical techniques are being used to establish the date and cultural affiliations of the Squirrel Hill site in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania. The purpose of this research is to increase understanding of the Squirrel Hill village as well as its relationship to the larger Monongahela community. An additional goal of this study will be to test the accuracy and usefulness of geophysical technologies on a prehistoric site in Western Pennsylvania. Systematic survey with a variety of geophysical equipment will be followed by precise ground truthing of detected anomalies and collection of samples for dating.

Sara Rubino: “Geophysics At The Lower Leibhart Site (36yo170)”

Abstract

The Susquehannocks were the dominant Native American group along the Susquehanna River from the early to late 17th century. The Lower Leibhart site (1665–1675) is documented as their last independent village dating to the latter half of the 17th century (Kent 1993). During and prior to the occupation of the site, the Susquehannocks and the English in Maryland were allies (Maryland Archives; Eshleman 1909). Each friendship treaty promised assistance in the Susquehannocks’ war with the Seneca. Bastions, thought to be constructed by the English, were found at the Strickler site, which was occupied before Lower Leibhart (Kent 1993). The Strickler bastions, identified by Kent (1969), had the characteristics of rectangular shapes outlined by post molds. He concluded that the English might have had portable cannons, and the bastion pedestals were really mounds of earth supported by extra post molds. In this study, the Lower Leibhart site was surveyed with geophysical instruments to determine if these technologies could identify the western village boundary (stockade line), if there are bastions or defensive structures present, and if any village structures (i.e., residential or daily use structures like a drying rack) or features can be identified. The excavation plans at this time are to locate postmolds along the stockade line where it has been found previously by Kent, then use that information to locate the western boundary of the village where geophysical evidence suggests it may be located.

Mike Whitehead and Ryan Clark: “Augmenting Social Memory: The Application Of Geophysical Survey Results At Old Smicksburg Park, Indiana County, Pennsylvania”

Abstract

This report presents the results of a geophysical investigation conducted at Old Smicksburg Park, Indiana County, Pennsylvania. This project utilized a ground penetrating radar survey and a magnetic gradiometer survey to locate and map subsurface features within four historic town lots. These lots were vacated in the late 1930s due to a large flood control effort by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, which condemned nearly two-thirds of the town’s total acreage and over half of its buildings. The objective of this investigation is to promote a greater level of knowledge of the site’s historic alteration processes, and to demonstrate that geophysical survey methods can effectively locate and map structural features at historic archaeological sites. This investigation generated evidence of several structural elements of Old Smicksburg, including two churches, two houses, and numerous other features. We anticipate such information will be beneficial for future scientific research endeavors.

Department of Anthropology

Presenters’ bios and program details can be found on the Maya Week at IUP website. All events are free and open to the public. Attendance vouchers for students will be available.

Maya Week at IUP runs from October 29–November 2.

Program Schedule

Monday, Oct. 29, 5:30–6:30 p.m.

“The Shape of Sacred Space: Geometry Used to Lay Out and Design Maya Art and Architecture”

• Christopher Powell
• Stright Hall, Rooms 327–329
• Powell will discuss the geometry and proportions used in Pre-Columbian America and today

Tuesday, Oct. 30, 5:00–6:00 p.m.

“Maya Concepts of Creation and Rebirth: The Popol Vuh and the ‘End’ of the Maya Calendar”

• Christopher Powell
• Pratt Hall Auditorium
• Powell will refer to the Popol Vuh, (a 16th-century Maya genesis story), Maya hieroglyphic texts, and ancient Maya paintings and sculptures in a discussion about Maya concepts of creation and rebirth.

Wednesday, Oct. 31, 5:30–6:30 p.m.

“Maya Arithmetic”

• Francisco Alarcón
• Stright Hall, Rooms 327–329
• Alarcón will present the basics of the Maya number system. He will also present algorithms that he has developed that can be used for basic arithmetical computations with the Maya number system

Thursday, Nov. 1, 4:45–5:45 p.m.

“After the Field: Cleaning Archeological and Ethnographic Objects”

• Tessa de Alarcón
• Stright Hall, Rooms 226–229
• de Alarcón will give a brief lecture followed by a workshop on basic conservation techniques and the types of activities conservators employ within a museum context.

Thursday, Nov. 1,, 6:15–7:15 p.m.

“Sky Flint: Maya Stone Tools and Trade”

• Beverly Chiarulli
• Pratt Hall Auditorium
• Chiarulli will present a lecture on the ways the Maya made and used stone tools in ritual as well as everyday activities.

Friday, Nov. 2, 3:45–4:45 p.m.

“Where It All Starts: Field Conservation in Guatemala”

• Tessa de Alarcón
• Stright Hall, Rooms 327–329
• de Alarcón will present treatments of objects from El Zotz and El Peru Waka’. Both are Lowland Maya sites in Guatemala’s Petén. The talk will look at the role of conservation and conservators in field work and use complex treatments of fragile artifacts as examples.

Maya Week at IUP is sponsored by the College of Humanities and Social Sciences, the College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, the Latin American Studies Committee, the Department of Foreign Languages, and the Department of Mathematics.

This was the 59th annual meeting for the PCSS, which is attended by K-12 social studies teachers from throughout the Commonwealth. This year’s theme was “Making Social Studies Relevant.”

Smeltzer staffed the Pennsylvania Archaeological Council Booth and developed displays as well as publications on archaeology in the Commonwealth.

Department of Anthropology

Giambo has also worked at zoos in Philadelphia, Sequoia Park in California, and Ft. Worth, Texas. She began working with primates in 1983 and has traveled to Africa a number of times, including twice to Rwanda to see mountain gorillas and to Kenya to see the wildlife. She began working in zoos in 1976. She is also very interested in conservation issues.

Admission is free, everyone is invited to attend.

Department of Anthropology

Each year, Ellen Bedell, chair of the Ellis History Department, and other faculty members at the school organize a mock excavation at the school. In addition to the experimental activities, students excavate, analyze, and write about their experience.

The IUP program provides students with the oppurtunity for hands-on primitive activities. The Ellis School is an independent girls school in Pittsburgh.

While in the Anthropology Department, Kruckman taught a wide range of courses, from Liberal Study introductory classes to such topics for majors as first-year cultural theory, social change, medical anthropology, birth, and the senior theory seminar. During his tenure, he was instrumental in curating exhibits at the IUP Museum, as well as developing and cosponsoring conferences. For 15 years he was the department’s internship coordinator and, with the assistance of more than 30 majors, created and maintained the Postpartum Support International website, where he was acting president and continues on its president’s advisory board. He has published widely on birth and parental support, including articles in Social Science and Medicine.

In his last year at IUP, he cosponsored a weeklong conference on the socio-economic and legal aspects of Marcellus Shale extraction. He was also named the 2011 CHHS Researcher of the Year by the dean of the College of Humanities and Social Sciences, was interviewed by the Korean-based SBS network for a documentary on his postpartum research, and was awarded the national Logan Award for his long service to Postpartum Support International and its website.

After retirement, Larry and his wife, Carolyn, moved to his boyhood home near Madison, Wisconsin. They continue to be involved in research and education programming related to birth issues. He says he misses students and colleagues, and is happy to receive mail. He can be reached at kruckman@iup.edu.

Candidates should have an active program of research and scholarly publications. Teaching responsibilities will include sections of our introductory four-field course and cultural anthropology, in addition to more specialized courses. Required specializations include global health and applied anthropology. Preferred areas of expertise include one or more of the following: health disparities, diaspora studies, urban anthropology, North America, Native Americans, and mixed quantitative and qualitative research methods.

Qualifications: Ph.D. in Anthropology and teaching experience are required. Candidates must communicate effectively and perform well during the interview process, which may include a teaching demonstration. All applicants must be work eligible.

For full information on how to apply for this position, please visit the Cultural Anthropology position description page on the Employment at IUP website.

IUP is an equal opportunity employer and a member of the Pennsylvania State System of Higher Education.

The second Anthropology Department Graduate Colloquium will feature Sarah Neusius and Beverly Chiarulli discussing their research on Late Prehistoric sites in Indiana, Armstrong, and Westmoreland counties. The program will be at 5:00 p.m. on Tuesday, October 9, 2012, in McElhaney Hall, room G-2.

The Late Prehistoric Project has been a long-term research interest of the Anthropology Department, focusing on sites in the Crooked Creek, Conemaugh, and Loyalhanna watersheds. The period from A.D. 1000–1600 is the time when large villages appear in this area and corn and other domestic plants became the staple of their diet.

The 2012 Archaeological Field School continued long term excavations at the Johnston Site, one of these villages. Information on the field school was included in the Day of Archaeology initiative, which was a snapshot of archaeology on June 29, 2012. Click here to see the IUP Johnston Site entry.

The IUP Anthropology Club sponsored a trip to the Meadowcroft Rockshelter, one of the oldest sites of human habitation in North America, on Saturday, September 22, 2012, during American Indian Heritage weekend.

The group arrived around noon for lunch on the site, located southwest of Pittsburgh in Washington County, Pa. Students were then free to roam and examine the site at their own pace. Since it was American Indian Heritage weekend, students were able to visit recreated historic and prehistoric villages of Eastern North America, see a fishing demonstration, and, of course, visit the Rockshelter. A group of 17 students made the trip, including club officers Robin Matty, president; Amanda McCarthy, secretary, and Michele Troutman, treasurer.

The trip to Meadowcroft Rockshelter is an annual event. Meadowcroft Rockshelter is a Paleo-Indian Archaeological site near Avella, Pennsylvania, located near the border of Ohio and Pennsylvania. It was deemed as an historic landmark in 2005. Discoved in the 1950s, it was first excavated in the 1970s by James Adavasio, then of the University of Pittsburgh.

(Left: Pam Clouser and Paul Good in the Meadowcroft schoolhouse)

Meadowcroft Rockshelter is not only fascinating in itself, but also worth a visit during the special events that that are planned each year. According to Amanda McCarthy, club secretary and senior Anthropology major, “We enjoyed learning about how Native Americans once cooked, hunted, fished, trapped, etc., in this area. We saw the traditional housing and what the traditional clothing looked like in the 1800s. We learned how to throw a tomahawk and an arrow with an atlatl. We also visited a frontier village, which was neat! We learned how the settlers cooked and dressed, what they ate, and how their housing looked. We journeyed into the 1900s and sat through a day at school in a one-room schoolhouse that taught to eighth grade. We learned how they said the Pledge of Allegiance and how it differs from today’s pledge, and we had a reading lesson, a math lesson, and exercise. We learned what boys and girls would take to school for lunch and what they would take it in, and how punishment was given for defiance in school in those days. We got to see a live blacksmith bend metal to make a pair of horseshoes. Meadowcroft is always a fun trip, and we all had a good time! It was definitely a great trip to go on, and the members of the IUP Anthropology Club made it twice the fun!”

(Right: Club members Brian Doster, Ruth Ann Altman, and Laura Ellyson taking a break at Meadowcroft)

The next Anthropology Club meeting is scheduled for Thursday, October 18, at 6:30 p.m. Roseann Giambro, the gorilla keeper at the Pittsburgh zoo, will give a presentation in Weyandt Hall auditorium (room 32).

Department of Anthropology

Student Presenters:

Laura Kaufman

Laura described her experience as the team leader of the PennDot Phast survey team conducting archaeological excavations throughout Pennsylvania. At right: Laura Kaufman and the PHAST Team in 2011

Lydia DeHaven

Lydia worked as a summer intern on the Crow Canyon Archaeological Center high school student field school in Colorado. Read about Lydia's Experience here.

Ryan Clark

Ryan (right) was one of the graduate assistants on the IUP Summer Archaeological Field School near Blairsville, Pa.

Justin Daley

Justin (right) shared his experience in an underwater field school in Bermuda.

Cory Meyers

Cory (right) interned at Ft. Drum, New York, working with the U.S. Army Heritage Preservation program. His goal was to to create realistic training scenarios focused on cultural property protection for the military.

Jordon Louks

Jordan (right) was on an internship at the American Museum of Natural History North American Archaeology Lab in New York City assisting with the analysis of artifacts recovered from St. Catherines Island in Georgia. Thousands of artifacts from both Native American and early Spanish sites have been recovered from sites on the island.

Adam Burke

Adam (right) described his participation in underwater excavations at the Page-Ladson Site in Florida. The Page-Ladson Site, located in the Aucilla River, is among the earliest archaeological sites in North America.

The next colloquium is scheduled for October 6. Sarah Neusius and Beverly Chiarulli of the IUP Anthropology Department will discuss their research at the Johnston Site, a late pre-Columbian site near Blairsville.

The program will feature presentations by Archaeology graduate students on some of their summer experiences and internships.

All IUP students, staff, and faculty are invited, as are members of the general public. Admission is free.

The Society for Pennsylvania Archaeology (SPA) is an organization of amateur and professional archaeologists interested in the historic and prehistoric heritage of Pennsylvania. The Ohio Valley Chapter of the SPA is located in Butler, Pa.

Ford was invited to give a one-hour lecture on underwater archaeology. His talk covered the similarities and differences between underwater and terrestrial archaeology through examples of projects he has been involved with, including: the only recorded shipwreck in Oklahoma, a deep-water wreck in the Gulf of Mexico, and his current work along the shores of Lake Ontario. SPA members asked several questions about underwater archaeology, in particular about the current work to freeze-dry the remains of La Salle’s ship, the Belle.

The Anthropology Club officers will give details on upcoming field trips to archaeological sites, and other events and festivals, and they'll be taking suggestions for other excursions and events. New and returning members are asked to bring $5 for annual membership dues.

Bring your ideas for field trips and bring a friend, and learn about the interesting things the Anthropology Club is up to!

Because there is no deadline for admission, student applications are reviewed on a rolling basis; the deadline for applications for financial aid, including graduate assistantships, is March 15. To apply, complete the online or printed application available at How to Apply  (http://www.iup.edu/admissions/graduate/howto/default.aspx). For more information, contact Dr. Phillip Neusius (phillip.neusius@iup.edu), chair of the IUP Anthropology Department.

The program includes 36 hours of graduate coursework. All students will take a required common core of 15 credits, 15 credits of electives, and six credits of thesis and/or internship. Graduates with a master’s degree in Applied Archaeology may be employed by a variety of public and private employers. For example, Pennsylvania and the Mid-Atlantic region will need more trained professionals to assist in the growth of the fields of historic preservation and heritage tourism, the most rapidly expanding segment of the tourism industry, Pennsylvania’s second largest industry. The governor, the state legislature, and, in particular, the General Assembly’s Center for Rural Pennsylvania have long recognized the need to combine research on cultural and historical preservation with tourism. The Pennsylvania House of Representatives and Senate have, in the past, unanimously passed resolutions recognizing the importance of the state’s historic and prehistoric features. A recent House resolution calls for a statewide inventory of historically significant structures.

Tourism has been recognized by the state as an important—in some cases, key—economic force, and many state agencies have stated that Pennsylvania should use historic preservation to its economic advantage, improving the state’s economy while also promoting a sense of regional and state pride. For example, Governor Rendell recently launched a cabinet-level task force on the Pennsylvania Wilds to encourage “heritage tourism,” combining officials from the Department of Natural Resources, the Pennsylvania Tourism Office, and other agencies.

Recent graduates from the program are employed by consulting firms and federal agencies.

In addition to examples artifacts used during the past 150 years, Smeltzer will have booklets, brochures, and lesson plans for teachers and others interested in the county’s history. The booth will be located in the Picnic Pavilion at Mack Park, and someone will be available from August 26 through September 1 when the fair is open to answer questions and provide information. Several demonstrations of ground penetrating radar will also be scheduled during the fair.

The booth is cosponsored by IUP Archaeological Services, the Indiana County Historical Society, and ICAS. Materials have been provided by the National Park Service, Society for American Archaeology, Pennsylvania Department of Transportation and the Pennsylvania Historical, and Museum Commission.

Department of Anthropology

Poole gave a talk titled “Out-Migration, National Service, and Militarization: Ethnographic Perspectives from the Lowlands” at the Analytic Exchange on Eritrea, held on August 16, 2012, at the Meridian International Center in Washington, D.C.

The Meridian International Center serves as a location for conferences organized by the State Department’s Bureau of Intelligence and Research. These conferences are designed to solicit the views of nongovernmental specialists and facilitate the exchange of views between these specialists and government officials. The Analytic Exchange on Eritrea was chaired by Don Yamamoto, Bureau of African Affairs, U.S. Department of State, and facilitated by Bernadette Graves, Bureau of Intelligence and Research, U.S. Department of State.

This exchange focused on current socio-political dynamics in Eritrea, including the large outmigration of people fleeing economic hardship and political repression.

Poole’s talk focused on Eritrean identity as impacted by militarization and out-migration from the perspectives of people living in Hagaz, an ethnically and religiously diverse town in the Eritrean Western Lowlands. Poole’s talk was designed to contribute an anthropological perspective to conversations on Eritrea among policy makers and analysts.

Students will discuss their projects and show their films, poster presentations, photo essays, and other examples of their original research.

Come by and enjoy the ambience of Indiana’s new art gallery and learn a little bit about anthropology and about Marcellus Shale!

Light refreshments will be offered.

Please e-mail stasiah@iup.edu, pooleab@iup.edu, or jdoc@iup.edu for more information.

Department of Anthropology

The grant will purchase a 3D Scanner system for digital documentation of the built environment and a multiple array ground penetrating radar for below-ground surveys of archaeological features.

Individually, these instruments create high-quality, high-resolution images of structures and landscapes as well as below-ground archaeological features. Used together, they can create a digital library of above-ground structures to provide a comparative database for the identification of below-ground archaeological features. Because of this joint usage, they form an integrated system. The instruments will be employed by IUP faculty and students and our collaborators and their students from Howard University, the University of Nevada at Las Vegas, and the University of North Dakota.

Among the projects that will use the instruments are:

1. Chiarulli’s project on historic cemeteries in western Pennsylvania will use 3D mapping of surface topography and standing gravestones in combination with the Multiple Array GPR to record forgotten grave sites.
2. Ford’s investigation of shipwrecks in frozen lakes will use 3D imaging of surviving ships similar to wrecked vessels combined with winter surveys of Lake Ontario using the multiple antenna GPR to record otherwise potentially inaccessible shipwrecks for identification and protection.
3. Moore’s survey of painted churches in the Troodos Mountains, Cyprus, will aid in the preservation of the interior and exterior decoration of these churches by documenting the manner of construction of these buildings for an increased understanding of Byzantine Christianity and the development of rural religious practices.
4. Chiarulli and Sarah Neusius’ investigation of Late Prehistoric Villages in western Pennsylvania will use the multiple array GPR for rapid below-ground survey of large villages to discover faint prehistoric features and develop maps of village layouts without excavation.
5. Moore and his collaborators will use 3D scanning to image above-ground Roman ruins to understand site formation in Cyprus combined with a multiple array GPR survey of the entire coastal settlement for the definition of the city’s physical layout and provide the data to understand the development of this midsized Roman settlement and its role in local and regional trade.
6. Phillip Neusius and Ben Ford’s surveys of Smicksburg, a 19th-century commercial and industrial center in Indiana County, Pennsylvania, will use 3D scanning to create a digital library of houses from this period and the multiple array GPR to produce detailed comparative subsurface information and record otherwise inaccessible heritage resources.

While the instruments provide rapid data collection, they also provide the capability to survey large landforms so investigations can move beyond the survey and analysis of single historic buildings or archaeological sites and conduct surveys of communities and landscapes. The impact of these instruments extends beyond their direct benefits to the initial projects. They will expand the investigator’s ability to train IUP graduate and undergraduate students in critical and rapidly developing technologies, as well as give students from three other universities opportunities to use the instruments. No less significant, the instrumentation would also ensure that the faculty participants themselves remain current in the use of advanced technology and will be able to incorporate it into their classes and other research projects.

This is the second MRI grant awarded since 2007 to Chiarulli, Moore, Phillip Neusius, and Sarah Neusius, and other investigators from the IUP Anthropology, Geography, and Geoscience departments. The first award for $297,000 was for the “Acquisition of Mobile Spatial Data Acquisition and Processing Technologies (MSDAPT) to Support Cross-Disciplinary Research and Undergraduate and Graduate Research Training.” It provided instruments to support the collection and processing of highly precise spatial and geophysical data in demanding local and international field settings for research and student training. These instruments included geophysical instruments such as ground penetrating radar, magnetometers, magnetic susceptibility, and electrical resistivity.

Ford and Burke diving at the Page-Ladson Site

The Page-Ladson Site is a deeply buried archaeological site situated in a sinkhole at the bottom of the Auculla River. The goal of the current work is to determine the age of the earliest human deposits at the site. Previous work at the Page-Ladson Site recovered artifacts from deposits dated to approximately 15,400 years ago. If these dates are correct, the site is nearly 1,500 years earlier than the Clovis culture, the earliest, currently accepted culture in North America. In order to verify these results, this year’s crew is excavating a new part of the site to make certain that artifacts are coming from this early layer.

The Page-Ladson Site. The pump and screening barges are visible in the background. The site itself is immediately in front of the barges and down about 30 feet.

Adam Burke, an Applied Archaeology M.A. program student, and Ford, assistant professor of Anthropology, joined researchers from Texas A&M University and local volunteers in this year’s excavation. The majority of the work was done using a suction dredge to remove sediment and transport it to the surface where it could be screened for artifacts. Even while working in near-zero visibility, it was important to note changes in the sediment. As the environment around the sinkhole changed, the types of plants and animals using the area, as well as the sediments that accumulated in the river, also changed. All of this information is useful in dating the site and determining how it developed. The fact that the site is submerged and buried beneath meters of clayey sediments created an oxygen-free environment so that that the preservation was phenomenal. For Ford, one of the high points of the project was excavating and screening mammoth digesta. It’s not every day that you get to work with the poop of an extinct animal.

The Page-Ladson project is directed by Jessi Halligan, James Dunbar, and Michael Waters with funding from the Center for the Study of First Americans.

Gerald was the first archaeologist at IUP and created a program that emphasized student training through hands-on field and laboratory research. She was an IUP faculty member from the mid-1960s through the mid-1980s in what was then the Sociology–Anthropology Department. Gerald and her students identified many of the archaeological sites that are recorded in the county and excavated several significant sites, including the Mary Rinn and Fleming sites along Crooked Creek in northern Indiana County.

On hand to welcome Gerald and Raibourn and receive the collections were former student and archaeologist Paula Zitzler, current faculty member Sarah Neusius, and Anthropology Department Chair Phillip Neusius, pictured here with Professor Gerald. As Zitzler commented, “I have always been surprised throughout my career that I keep running into IUP students. The program wasn't that big, but it seems that IUP students found their way. Maybe that's their best legacy of all.”

Several of these sites have been reinvestigated as part of the IUP Late Prehistoric Project by archaeologists Beverly Chiarulli and Sarah Neusius, codirectors of the project. The LPP focuses on the pre-European occupation of this area from approximately AD 1000–1600. Several graduate students in the IUP Applied Archaeology master’s program and several undergraduate students in the Anthropology honors program have completed or are currently undertaking theses associated with this project.

Having the Gerald collections here at IUP will allow faculty and student researchers to build upon her important work and makes possible new research opportunities for IUP students and faculty.

 Glen (on top of structure) and Calli at Castilo San Lorenzo, a World Heritage Site, in Panama 

The shipwreck recording was part of a larger project, led by Frederick Hanselmann of Texas State University, that included professional archaeologists from federal agencies and the private sector.

Despite bad weather, rough seas, and poor visibility, the IUP contingent was able to spend several hours underwater recording the wreck using 1 x 1 m drawing squares. Henson will transfer the underwater records to a scaled plan of the wreck.

The identity of the ship has not been confirmed at this time. However, future research focusing on the cargo, methods of ship construction, and historic records will likely produce a probable candidate.

Calli (left) and Glen at Castilo San Lorenzo 

In the poster, titled, “What Difference Does 50 Years Make? The Comparability of the Johnston Site Faunal Assemblages,” Kaufman compared the condition of animal bones recovered in the 1950s  Johnston Site excavation by the Carnegie Museum with material recovered since 2006 by IUP Archaeological Field Schools.

Undergraduate Laura Ellyson and graduate student Lydia DeHaven spent the 2012 summer as interns at the Crow Canyon Archaeological Research Center in Cortez, Colorado. The students were selected for these highly competative positions in the spring.

Laura was selected for a position as a zoology intern working with Steve Wolverton, Crow Canyon’s faunal consultant. Lydia has a field position and has been part of the investigation of a Basketmaker site.

Both Laura and Lydia were featured in the June 6, 2012, edition of the Crow Canyon Newsletter. Read about Laura’s experience.

Lydia is featured in the July 7, 2012, newsletter. Read about Lydia’s experience.

Photo: Lydia DeHaven (left) and Laura Ellyson on Centennial Peak in the La Plata Mountains

Department of Anthropology

The paper was coauthored by Beverly Chiarulli (Anthropology), Jack Rossen (Ithaca College), and Laura Kaufman, graduate student in the IUP M.A. in Applied Archaeology program.

The Statewide Conference on Heritage is an annual event which features workshops, sessions, and speakers from the historic preservation, archaeological, heritage tourism, transportation, legislative, and planning communities. Many of the sessions and tours highlight Pennsylvania’s rich agricultural heritage and offer attendees an opportunity to experience traditional Pennsylvania Dutch cooking.

This year, the Statewide Conference on Heritage partnered with the Transportation Research Board ADC50 Committee on Historic and Archaeological Preservation. Because the Keystone State possesses a long and proud history of foodways, the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, the commonwealth’s official history agency, adopted “The Land of Penn and Plenty: Bringing History to the Table” as the theme for 2012.

Paper Abstract

Over the past 12 years, as part of the IUP Late Prehistoric Project, we have begun to develop a database on the utilization of plant and animal resources by the inhabitants of central western Pennsylvania between AD 1000 and 1600. Some related information from a preliminary palynological study has also been obtained. Systematic flotation sampling in a series of excavations of Monongahela and other sites has allowed us to recover archaeobotanical remains. Our data document the use of tropical and native cultigens, tobacco, and a variety of wild plants as well as nuts and wood. At the same time, excellent preservation of faunal remains at several sites has led to the recovery of large faunal assemblages indicating the use of deer, turkey, turtle, fish, and other animals. Although only a small amount of faunal remains recovered through flotation have been examined, work to date indicates the importance of this assemblage for properly assessing the use of fish. Although some archaeologists have decried the poor preservation of plant and animal remains in our region, our experience is that preservation can be good and the potential for further study of all aspects of Late Prehistoric subsistence in our region is great.

This award is designed to support a course in which students address the question: “How do we build on community assets to shape a positive future for Appalachia?”

The funds will be used to support the involvement of students in Poole’s Fall Cultural Ecology course (ANTH 420/581) in the annual Appalachian Teaching Project (ATP) conference held in Washington, D.C., Nov. 30–Dec. 1, 2012. Students participating in the project will present on work conducted over the course of the Fall semester in which they partner with a community organization, the Coalition for a Healthy County, to address an issue related to regional sustainability.

The community-based assignment will involve students and Indiana County community members in participatory ethnographic research on an envisioning sustainability project, including a needs assessment that identifies community members’ priorities regarding environmental and community sustainability. Students will also work with community members to document cultural and environmental assets that shape place attachment in the region. The outcome of this work will help this community organization to shape its long term goals.

As participants in a community project that supports grassroots mobilization efforts around sustainability issues, students will also explore the usefulness of public and environmental anthropology methods and theories, and explore the significance of grass roots community organizations in shaping understandings of citizenship and stewardship.

The ATP is funded through a grant from the Appalachian Regional Commission and involves a consortium of 16 colleges and universities in Appalachia that are dedicated to community-based work to improve the quality of life for residents throughout the region.

First established in the mid-1990s, the Society for East Asian Archaeology (SEAA) is an academic organization that brings together archaeologists and historians whose field and text-based research focuses on East Asia. Traditionally held every four years (but now transitioning to a two-year cycle owing to increased interest and membership), the much-anticipated conferences bring together members that are widely dispersed throughout the world.

Having attended the first four meetings (beginning in 1996), Allard presented a paper titled “The Tombs at Luobowan: Archaeological and Historical Perspectives” at the Fukuoka conference, the society’s largest gathering to date. Grouped in 24 sessions, the meeting’s more than 100 individual presentations focused on a wide range of East Asian topics, regions, and time periods.

Allard has been a council member of the SEAA since 1999 and was elected this year to the position of vice-president (who automatically assumes the position of president at the time of the next election cycle).

Allard presented "The Han Period Tombs at Luobowan: Archaeological and Historical Perspectives."

Allard was also elected vice-president of the society.

The presentations included:

Francis Allard: “The Nanyue Kingdom: Assimilation, Acculturation, and Inter-Regional Interaction”

Abstract

Established in 204 BCE, the Nanyue kingdom occupied much of present-day Guangdong and Guangxi until its final defeat at the hands of the Han dynasty in 111 BCE. As revealed by research carried out over the past decades, Nanyue’s artifacts and architecture reveal a complex blend of elements of local and distant origins, including metropolitan Han China (to Nanyue’s north) and southeast Asia and beyond. This paper considers the nature and impact of these many instances of interaction, and in so doing comments on the different forms that interaction may take in the emergence and development of complex polities.

Beverly Chiarulli, Phillip Neusius, Ben Ford, and Sarah Neusius: “The IUP M.A. in Applied Archaeology: What We Planned, What We Have Learned So Far”

Presented in the electronic paper session “Lessons From The Trenches: The Pedagogy Of Archaeology And Heritage,” sponsored by Heritage Values Interest Group, Committee On Ethics

Abstract

In Fall 2005, we began to develop an M.A. in Applied Archaeology. Our goal was to meet industry and government needs for professional archaeologists. We expected that most of the graduates would be employed in the fields of cultural and heritage management. The program was designed to balance recent SAA initiatives with institutional requirements and resources. We sought to develop critical skills through a set of integrated courses. This paper discusses our experience and changing perspectives on how to train applied archaeologists.

Sarah Neusius was also a discussant in the electronic paper session “Lessons From The Trenches: The Pedagogy Of Archaeology And Heritage.”

Sarah Neusius (right), co-authored with Beverly Chiarulli: “Dating the Late Pre-Contact Period in Central Western Pennsylvania”

Abstract

As part of a long-term research project focused on Monongahela and related sites in the river drainages of central western Pennsylvania, we have obtained a series of standard radiocarbon and AMS dates that help establish the history of the region prior to European contact. These dates indicate that the area was occupied more or less continuously from the 11th through the 16th centuries, although individual villages were occupied, abandoned, and reoccupied. This program of radiometric dating underscores the importance of obtaining multiple dates from village sites and the preferability of AMS dates on botanical remains.

“Recent Investigations In Western And Central Pennsylvania.”

Beverly Chiarulli organized this poster session, presenting posters on research by IUP faculty members and undergraduate and graduate students.

Abstract

During the past year, students from Indiana University of Pennsylvania have researched historic and pre-European archaeological sites in Western and Central Pennsylvania. This session presents the results of their investigations on a variety of archaeological projects. The topics range from ceramic, lithic, and faunal analyses to geophysical surveys and the investigation of historic roadways.

Among the posters in the session were presentations by:

Ben Ford (photo, on left) and graduate students Renate Beyer and Michael Whitehead: “Digitizing Historic Hanna’s Town: Translating Legacy Data into Digital Data”

Abstract

Historic Hanna’s Town (ca. 1770–1800) has been the site of intermittent archaeological investigations for more than four decades. These excavations, both professional and amateur, have produced nearly a million artifacts, approximately 15 linear feet of notes and artifact catalogs, and many maps. Recent efforts to make this data more accessible have included entering artifact information into a relational database and the construction of a GIS. While the project is in its early phase, this poster presents the initial methodology and challenges encountered and is intended to elicit comments while the methods are still flexible.

Beverly Chiarulli (photo, on left), Lydia DeHaven (right), Meghan Pace, and Ryan Spittler: “Investigation of the Squirrel Hill Site and Other Late Prehistoric Sites in the Conemaugh Watershed in Western Pennsylvania”

Abstract

While IUP archaeologists have investigated the Johnston Phase of the Monongahela culture since 2005, the focus of current research is to establish the occupation history and cultural affiliations of the Squirrel Hill site, a village not investigated since the 1950s. This investigation began with a geophysical survey designed to define the internal arrangement of the village and to identify areas for test excavations to collect samples for analysis and dating. While our results are not complete, we have a better understanding of the internal organization of this village as well as its relationship with nearby communities.

Sarah Neusius, co-author with graduate student Andrea Boon: “New Approaches to Interpreting Koster Faunal Assemblages”

Presented in the session “Koster At The Crossroads: Archaic Period Lifeways As Depicted By New Approaches To Old Collections.”

Abstract

Abundant faunal remains were recovered from the various horizons at Koster. Currently additional analyses of materials from the Early Archaic Horizon Eleven are being conducted and incorporated with the work of earlier researchers. These analyses contribute to the debunking of old ideas about the simplicity and uniformity of Early Archaic peoples in the Midcontinent. Koster faunal remains also are being incorporated into efforts to build a large regional faunal data set from the interior Eastern Woodlands in conjunction with the Digital Archaeological Record. This dataset will allow rigorous explorations of changing human choices concerning animal usage across time and space.

The Society for American Archaeology is the largest conference of Americanist Archaeologists, with an attendance of approximately 3,000.

Laura Kaufman, Renata Beyer, Michael Whitehead, Amanda Snyder, Lydia DeHaven, Sara Rubino, Marion Smeltzer, Meghen Pace, and Ryan Splitter participated in a poster session: “Recent Investigations in Western and Central Pennsylvania.” In addition, Andrea Boon and faculty member Sarah Neusius presented a paper on recent faunal analyses from the Koster site, and Calistra Holmes presented a seperate poster on her research of an analysis of a model for identifying shipwrecks.

Presentations Included:

Andrea Boon and Sarah Neusius

“New Approaches to Interpreting Koster Faunal Assemblages”

Abundant faunal remains were recovered from the various horizons at Koster. Currently additional analyses of materials from the Early Archaic Horizon Eleven are being conducted and incorporated with the work of earlier researchers. These analyses contribute to the debunking of old ideas about the simplicity and uniformity of Early Archaic peoples in the Midcontinent. Koster faunal remains also are being incorporated into efforts to build a large regional faunal data set from the interior Eastern Woodlands in conjunction with the Digital Archaeological Record. This dataset will allow rigorous explorations of changing human choices concerning animal usage across time and space.

Callistra Holmes

“Modeling Magnetic Signatures of Sunken Ships: 1750–1900”

With the use of geophysical equipment such as a marine magnetometer, the process of finding sunken ship sites has become more effective. However, distinguishing magnetic anomalies of shipwrecks from general debris has proven difficult for underwater archaeologists. Through intensive research of wooden ship construction, including the amount of ferrous materials used in construction, variations in the magnitude of magnetic anomalies for different ships can be identified. With this information, it is possible to develop a model that will allow archaeologists to identify the size and age range of a sunken ship through a magnetometer survey.

Poster Presentations

Presentations in the poster session “Recent Investigations in Central and Western Pennsylvania” included:

Laura Kaufman (session chair — right)

“What Difference Does Fifty Years Make? The Comparability of Johnston Site Faunal Assemblage”

The Johnston site has become an important Middle Monongahela site, as it remains the type site of the Johnston Phase for the Monongahela tradition. First excavated by Don Dragoo in 1952, and since 2005 by Indiana University of Pennsylvania, two large faunal assemblages are available for study from the site. In order to use these assemblages to address questions of subsistence and site occupation, their comparability must be assessed. Examination of degree of fragmentation, breakage type, and weight suggests there is variation between the assemblages. Nevertheless, integrating data from both assemblages provides a fuller picture of animal use at Johnston.

Reneta Beyer (session cochair), Ben Ford, Michael Whitehead (right)

“Digitizing Historic Hanna’s Town: Translating Legacy Data into Digital Data”

Historic Hanna’s Town (ca. 1770–1800) has been the site of intermittent archaeological investigations for more than four decades. These excavations, both professional and amateur, have produced nearly a million artifacts, approximately 15 linear feet of notes and artifact catalogs, and many maps. Recent efforts to make this data more accessible have included entering artifact information into a relational database and the construction of a GIS. While the project is in its early phase, this poster presents the initial methodology and challenges encountered and is intended to elicit comments while the methods are still flexible.

Amanda Snyder (right) and Lydia DeHaven

“Stuck in a Rut: The Search for Historic Forbes Road”

Forbes Road was commissioned in 1758 to allow a surprise attack on the French. It was later used as a major conduit for settlers heading west through the Allegheny Mountains. Although some sections of Forbes Road have been preserved, its exact course through Historic Hanna’s Town is unknown. The 2011 IUP advanced field school at Hanna’s town attempted to locate a segment of the original Forbes Road. Excavations revealed cultural material and features dating to the mid-19th and early 20th centuries, with traces of late 18th century material, and one feature possibly indicative of a wagon rut.

Sara Rubino (right)

“A Closer Look at the Lower Liebhart Site”

The Susquehannocks traded with the Swedish the most during the Swedish peak, followed by the English and the Dutch. Eventually, however, the Swedes were defeated in 1655 and the Dutch in 1664 (Ward 1938, 130 and DeJong 1974, 27). The defeat of the Swedes and the Dutch were close enough in time to the occupation of the Lower Leibhart site, where there should still be some items from trade with those countries. The Susquehannock were not trading much at this time due to an economic and political decline (Kent 1993, 379); hence, the artifacts should be the most necessary/important items, assuming they could not get resources in other ways.

Marion Smeltzer (right)

“Reconstructing the Inaccessible Past”

Historical moments and places are now being recreated and shared through virtual world platforms. A virtual world is an Internet-based, simulated environment where motionable avatars, graphic images, and 3D models represent people, places, and objects. In this presentation, the Laurel Hill /Brown farm is created in a virtual world platform. The farm, established in 1790 and occupied until the 1960s, was the site of an antebellum community of former slaves. Because of its inaccessibility, the area has been virtually reconstructed to show the landscape, buildings, and stone marking the graves of Civil War colored troops.

Lydia DeHaven (right), Meghan Pace, Ryan Splitter, and Beverly Chiarulli

“Investigation of the Squirrel Hill Site and Other Late Prehistoric Sites in the Conemaugh Watershed in Western Pennsylvania”

While IUP archaeologists have investigated the Johnston Phase of the Monongahela culture since 2005, the focus of current research is to establish the occupation history and cultural affiliations of the Squirrel Hill site, a village not investigated since the 1950s. This investigation began with a geophysical survey designed to define the internal arrangement of the village and to identify areas for test excavations to collect samples for analysis and dating. While our results are not complete, we have a better understanding of the internal organization of this village as well as its relationship with nearby communities.

Presentations Included:

Michael Stephen Deemer (right)

“Heating It Up At the Johnston Site”

This experimental study examines the use of heat treatment on the raw materials found in the Johnston site assemblage, the attributes of heated flakes from these materials, and their presence in the collections. The Johnston site is a Late Prehistoric site located in Indiana County, near Blairsville. Excavations have yielded several samples from tool manufacturing, though little research has been conducted on how heat treatment had been used at this site. This study examines if heat treatment was used during tool manufacturing, how raw materials are affected by heating, and if heat treatment is recognizable in the artifacts.

Michele Troutman (right)

“Lithic Analysis: The Raw Materials Present in the Lithic Artifacts of the Johnston Site (36In2)”

Precolumbian people in Western Pennsylvania relied on stone tools in most of their daily activities. Native stone tools were made from a variety of raw material types; some available as local resources and others imported from long distances. An understanding of the techniques used to manufacture the artifacts has been used by archaeologists to study trade patterns and identify locally available materials. This research focuses on an analysis of the production stage that different materials are brought in to Monongahela Culture villages in Indiana County, Pennsylvania—more specifically, from the Johnston site (36In2).

Jordan Galentine (right)

“Revised Results of Rim Sherd Analysis of Crooked Creek Sites and the Johnston Site”

The Crooked Creek watershed in Western Pennsylvania is a puzzling area, where cultures blend creating an interesting mixture of traits. This is considered a “grey” area, between two better-known Late Prehistoric cultures, the Monongahel and McFate. Last year at the SAA conference, I presented the results of my analysis of rim sherds. This year, I have built upon my results to give a more rounded view of the Crooked Creek cultural tradition.

Emily Poeppel, Brandon Foster (both at right), and graduate student Marion Smeltzer

“Using Magnetic Susceptibility Surveys to Map Late Prehistoric Sites in Western Pennsylvania”

Late Prehistoric villages are the largest and most complicated prehistoric ites in Western Pennsylvania. Magnetic susceptibility has been used as a first step in the investigation of sites to better define the site boundaries and areas of intense occupation. Using a methodology described by Burk (Pecora and Burks 2007), a Bartington MS2 magnetic susceptibility meter with the MS2D field loop, site areas can be quickly surveyed to locate site boundaries. This initial step was then followed by more intensive surveys to define occupation areas. This poster presents the results of this investigation.

First Place

The first-place poster, by Jason Espino (right), Seth Van Dam, Ashley Brown, and Marion Smeltzer, was titled “Archaeological Prospection of the Hatfield Site, a Monongahela Tradition Village in Washingon County, Pennsylvania.”

Abstract

An archaeological prospection survey was undertaken at the Hatfield site in November 2011. In total, 28 subsurface anomalies were identified through magnetic susceptibility, magnetic gradient, and ground-penetrating radar methods. Several of the anomalies resulted from modern activities at the site, including agricultural plowing and previous archaeological excavations. However, a number possibly represent prehistoric cultural remains pertaining to a Monongahela tradition component at the Hatfield site, including two pit features, six dwellings, and a house ring zone. The size and arrangement of dwellings as well as the spatial layout of the house ring is consistent with typical Monongahela tradition villages. If the anomalies indeed represent a section of a village, it would encompass an estimated area of 1.7 to 2.27 acres (0.69-0.92 ha). In addition, a composite anomaly to the south of the Hatfield site may represent a second village covering an area of 0.25 acres (0.1 ha).

Second Place

The second-place poster, by Callista Holmes, Andrea Boon (right), Glen Henson, Laura Kaufman, and Sarah Mousettis, was titled “Geophysical Survey of the Historic Cemetery in Salisbury, Pennsylvania.”

Abstract

The town of Salisbury, Pa., was founded in 1795 by Joseph Markley, a son of German immigrants. Locally and simply known as “the old cemetery on the hill” (Ashley Brown, personal communication), the Salisbury Union Cemetery was the first cemetery in the town. Known graves in this cemetery date to almost 200 years ago, with the most recent graves that remain dating as far back as the first decade of the 20th century (Salisbury Historical Society n.d.). Due to the old age and limited upkeep of the cemetery and the possible exhumation of some graves, it is recognized that there are numerous unmarked graves located within the cemetery. Through the performance and analysis of the geophysical surveys discussed above, it was hoped that unmarked graves could be located, differences between graves of different ages could be identified, and the best type of geophysical instrument for this type of survey could be identified. In order to achieve these goals, three grids were surveyed within the cemetery area using a GSSI SIR 3000 GPR, a MALA X3M GPR, and a Geoscan Fluxgate Gradiometer FM256. Based on the data collected up to this point, it is difficult to identify and locate any unmarked graves, suggesting that more work is necessary to achieve the goals of this project.

Third Place

The third-place poster, by Mike Whitehead, Ryan Spittler, Justin Daley, and Ryan Clark (all in photo at right), was titled “Geophysical Survey Results at Old Smicksburg Park, Indiana County, Pennsylvania.”

Abstract

This report presents the results of a geophysical investigation conducted at Old Smicksburg Park, Indiana County, Pennsylvania. This project utilized a ground penetrating radar (GPR) survey and a magnetic gradiometer survey to locate and map subsurface features within four historic town lots. These lots were vacated in the late 1930s due to a large flood control effort by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, which condemned nearly two-thirds of the town’s total acreage and over half of its buildings. The objective of this investigation is to promote a greater level of knowledge of the site’s historic alteration processes, and to demonstrate that geophysical survey methods can effectively locate and map structural features at historic archaeological sites. This investigation generated evidence of several structural elements of Old Smicksburg, including two churches, two houses, and numerous other features. We anticipate such information will be beneficial for future scientific research endeavors.

Additional Posters

Two other posters by IUP students were also presented at the conference. These were:

• Renate Beyer, Randy Kuhlman, Eric Ptak and Sara Rubino: “Geophysical Investigations at Hanna’s Town 36WM203—Examination of Proposed Lot Boundaries and Evidence of the Historic Town”
  
  Abstract
  This report presents the results of geophysical investigation conducted at Historic Hanna’s Town site 36WM203 in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania. The objective of this investigation was to use geophysical methods to locate previous excavation and early colonial settlement patterns and further test the lot boundary hypothesis set forth in a report titled “Settlement Boundaries and Lot Placement at Old Hanna’s Town” by Fryman and Eddings (1985). Two methods were used for the investigation: Ground penetrating radar (GPR) and magnetometry. A 2,500-square-meter grid was investigated. The area investigated was open field with a slight slope. The southern half of the grid was covered in unmowed grass which did not interfere with collection, but did slow it down. The GPR data showed recognizable features, but the survey area was heavily disturbed and insufficient to try locating historic structures which would help answer the lot boundary question.
• Lydia DeHaven, Meghan Pace, graduate students, and Beverly Chiarulli: “Investigation of the Squirrel Hill Site”
  
  Abstract
  IUP’s Anthropology Department has been involved in a long-term investigation of the Johnston site, the type site of the Johnston Phase of the Monongahela culture. While current research continues on the Johnston site, investigations have started on the Squirrel Hill site (36Wm25), a Johnston Phase Site listed on the National Register of Historic Preservation. With funding from the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, the first stage of the project has been a systematic survey of the site using geophysical technologies to determine the internal arrangement of the village and locations for the collection of samples for botanical analysis and radiocarbon dating. Our goals are to gain a better understanding of the internal organization of the Squirrel Hill site as well as its relationship with neighboring communities.

All of the posters discuss geophysical investigations of archaeological sites. The first four were originally produced during a course in the Fall 2011 semester on Archaeological Geophysics taught by Beverly Chiarulli.

Department of Anthropology

The presentations included:

Geophysical Investigations of the Dividing Ridge Site (36Wm477)

By Beverly Chiarulli, Indiana University of Pennsylvania

This paper describes geophysical investigations of the Dividing Ridge site (36Wm477), a Monongahela culture archaeological site in Westmoreland County, originally recorded by Robert Oshnock of the Westmoreland Archaeological Society. The site, now owned by the Archaeological Conservency, was the subject of a gradiometer, magnetic susceptibility, and electrical resistivity survey in 2006 as an undergraduate honors thesis project (Heller 2007), magnetic gradiometer and electrical resistivity surveys (D. Johnson 2008), and additional ground penetrating radar, magnetic susceptibility, and conductivity surveys in 2009 (Chiarulli 2012). While only limited ground truthing has been conducted to evaluate the results of the surveys, these investigations illustrate the advantages and limitations of geophysical survey for the interpretation of large complex sites.

Geophysical Investigations at the Lower Leibhart Site

By Sara Rubino

Presented in a session sponsored by the Pennsylvania Archaeological Council, “Recent Research on the Susquehannocks”

The Susquehannocks were the dominant Native American group along the Susquehanna River in the 17th century. The Lower Leibhart site (1665–1675) is documented as their last independent village. During the occupation of the site, the Susquehannocks and the English in Maryland were allied through a series of treaties, which promised assistance in the Susquehannocks’ war with the Seneca. A letter from the Maryland government to the captain of the English forces instructed him to defend the village and create defensive structures, as necessary, to defend both the English troops and the Susquehannocks. There is no documentation that a defensive structure was built, but at least two bastions were seen by a witness. Bastions have been found at the Strickler site, which was occupied before Lower Leibhart site. The Strickler bastions identified by Kent (1969) were defined by rectangular outlines of post molds. He concluded that the English might have had portable cannons, and the bastions were really mounds of earth supported by extra postmolds. In this study, the Lower Leibhart site was geophysically surveyed to identify possible stockade bastions at the site.

The Role of Small Habitation Sites in Monongahela Subsistence-Settlement Patterns

By David J. Kroskie

Small habitation sites (also known as hamlets and farmsteads) have been discussed frequently in Monongahela literature. While this site type is contrasted from villages based on settlement size, architectural elements, and the treatment of space, it has been suggested that they also served a special-purpose function in subsistence-settlement patterns. This study compares archaeological data from the two site types to explore potential special-purpose functions, as revealing them would not only provide a more nuanced view of Monongahela subsistence-settlement patterns, but would also verify small habitation sites as a distinct site type. The results not only indicate a lack of evidence for a special-purpose function among the small habitation sites (which may simply represent a continued settlement pattern from earlier periods), but reveal heterogeneity between and among both site types in terms of resource strategies. Our categorical designations used to define settlements should perhaps be reconsidered, as they do not sufficiently account for such variability.

According to its website, the Society for Pennsylvania Archaeology, Inc. was organized in 1929 to: Promote the study of the prehistoric and historic archaeological resources of Pennsylvania and neighboring states; Encourage scientific research and discourage exploration which is unscientific or irresponsible in intent or practice; Promote the conservation of archaeological sites, artifacts, and information; Encourage the establishment and maintenance of sources of archaeological information such as museums, societies, and educational programs; Promote the dissemination of archaeological knowledge by means of publications and forums; Foster the exchange of information between the professional and the avocational archaeologists. This was the 83rd annual meeting. One of the founders of the society was Indiana County native John Stuchell Fisher (1867–1940), who served as governor of Pennsylvania from 1927 to 1931 and for whom Fisher Auditorium on the IUP campus is named.

Department of Anthropology 

The field school fullfills Applied Anthropology requirement for field school or internship.

• Hands-on experience doing qualitative research, including participatory film-making, participatory mapping, oral history, and participant observation
• Document Pennsylvania communities’ experience with deep well hydrofracking.
• Ascertain the social and health impacts of fracking, and understand local interpretations.

It is open to undergraduate and graduate students from IUP and other universities, as well as community members outside the university.

For more information, contact: stasiah@iup.edu, pooleab@iup.edu, or jdoc@iup.edu.

Department of Anthropology

Lydia DeHaven and Ryan Spittler (right), students in the M.A. in Applied Archaeology program, have been awarded the 2012 James W. Hatch scholarships to attend the Society for Pennsylvania/Pennsylvania Archaeological Council joint annual meeting in Clarion, Pa., on April 13–15, 2012.

The awards will be presented at the SPA banquet on Saturday evening, April 14.

Both students are presenting posters at the conference. The late James W. Hatch was a professor of Anthropology at Penn State University who trained many of the professional archaelogists working in Pennsylvania today. The awards of $100 provide funding for the students to attend the conference.

Department of Anthropology

Meinert's poster, "Ritual Processes of IUP Anthropology Students," was based on his research on ritual in the lives of undergraduate students. Rituals included studying, religious practices, or extracurricular activities that involved a ritual behavior.

He considered the similarities and differences among the rituals and the reasons for practicing them. Data were gathered using surveys, in-depth interviews, and participatory observation.

Minich's poster, "Lifestyle Changes in Saudi Males and Females," was based on her research on culturally learned lifestyles of Saudi students at IUP and whether health-related habits and attitudes have changed for them.

Her research included one six-person focus group for each gender and unstructured interviewing, free-listing, and weeklong journals of meals and activities. The students gained personal insight about themselves while abroad. The results will help us to better understand Saudi student values of health contextualized in two cultures.

The Society for Applied Anthropology was founded in 1941 to promote the investigation of the principles of human behavior and the application of these principles to contemporary issues and problems. The society promotes the integration of anthropological perspectives and methods in solving human problems throughout the world; advocates for fair and just public policy based upon sound research; promotes public recognition of anthropology as a profession; and supports the continuing professionalization of the field.

The Undergraduate Scholars Forum was held on April 3 and included presentations, poster presentations, and juried art exhibits. The Graduate Scholars Form on April 4 only included poster sessions. A total of 17 Anthropology students participated in the forums, including 12 undergraduates and five graduate students.

Chiarulli also participated in the Faculty Staff Poster Session with two posters. The first, “Geophysical Investigations of the Squirrel Hill Site and Other Late Prehistoric Villages,” described a current research project funded by the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission. The second, co-authored with Scott Moore of the History Department, was “Using NSF Funding to Support Mobile Spatial Data Acquisition and Processing Technologies for Research and Student Training,” which described student and faculty research using geophysical instruments funded by a National Science Foundation Major Research Instrumentation Award, which concluded in 2011.

Anthropology students participating in the forums included:

Undergraduate Student Awards

Outstanding Presentation Award College of Humanities and Social Sciences

Matthew W. Finley for his presentation on “Hazing and Warrior Societies: Personal Experiences of U.S. Army Hazing” (Advisor: Todd White)

Graduate Student Awards

College of Humanities and Social Sciences

First Place: Ryan Spittler, Ryan Clark, Michael Whitehead, and Justin Daley (Advisor: Beverly Chiarulli)
“Geophysical Survey Results at Old Smicksburg Park, Indiana County, Pennsylvania”
Photo: Michael Whitehead, Ryan Spittler, Justin Daley, and Ryan Clark

Third Place: Meghan Pace (advisor: Beverly Chiarulli)
“How Many Graves are in Memorial Park? Using Geophysical and Historic Data to Search for 'Lost' Graves”
Photo: Meghan Pace

Undergraduate Student Presentations and Posters

Session: “The Magic of Ritual (or, There is No Such Thing as a Muggle)” (Session organized by Todd White)

Speaker: Rachel Scherer (Advisor: Todd White)
“Santería: The Ritual of Initiation”

Speaker: Carly Ryther (Advisor: Todd White)
“Islamic Funeral: Ceremony and Practices”

Speaker: Shane Myers (Advisor: Todd White)
“My Experience with the Tibetan Buddist Mandala at IUP”

Speaker: Rebecca Godshall (Advisor: Todd White)
“Thirty Days to a Better Man: A Surrogate Coming of Age Ritual in the Art of Manliness Community”

Speaker: Matthew Finley (Advisor: Todd White)
“Hazing and Warrior Societies: Personal Experiences of the US Army Hazing”

Speaker: Michelle Dufford (Advisor: Victor Garcia)
“Sifting Behaviors: An Exploratory Study on How We Meet People and Make Friends”

Speaker: Michele Troutman (Advisor: Beverly Chiarulli)
Presentation: “Lithic Analysis: The Raw Materials Present in the Lithic Artifacts of the Johnston Site (36In2)”

Michele Troutman

Laura Ellyson (Advisor: Sarah Neusius)
Poster: “Investigation of Polished Bone at the Johnston Site”

Laura Ellyson

Michael Deemer (Advisor: Beverly Chiarulli)
Poster: “Thermal Alteration of Johnston Site Lithic Materials”

Michael Deemer

Brandon Foster, Emily Poeppel (Advisor: Beverly Chiarulli)
Poster: “Magnetic Susceptibility at the Mary Rinn Site”

Brandon Foster and Emily Poeppel

Juried Art Exhibitors

Chelsea McDonnell
“Consumption”
Oil on canvas

These students met the criteria of 57 total earned hours, 12 credit hours (including transfer credit hours), at least a 2.50 cumulative GPA, and a 3.00 Anthropology GPA. New student members incude Kathryn Edmondson, Jared Divido, Michelle Dufford, Jeremy Guillette, Sean Herald, Gabrielle Lehigh, Robin Matty, Justin Meinert, Rachelle Millard, Alyssa Ortega, Elizabeth Reynolds, Carly Ryther, Rachel Scherer, Michele Troutman, Bryana Urban, and Laura Walchack. Francis Allard is the faculty advisor for the chapter.

The name Lambda Alpha comes from the initial letters of the Greek words logos anthropou, meaning “study of man.” The society was originally founded with the purpose of encouraging scholarship and research in anthropology. Lambda Alpha has grown to include more than 170 chapters. The society provides funding for approved student activities, such as travel and professional conferences and seminars. The national chapter publishes Lambda Alpha Journal, which appears annually and is internationally distributed. The journal is committed to reserving 50 percent of its content for student work. The IUP chapter is Epsilon of Pennsylvania.

Depatment of Anthropology

The Oswego County War of 1812 Symposium was a day-long series of lectures focusing on the War of 1812 along the New York-Canadian frontier. This was a public event attended by approximately 190 people. The audience included members of the interested public as well as local and professional historians.

Ford’s talk discussed what happened to the American and British fleets, commanded by Isaac Chauncey and James Yeo respectively, after the war. The majority of the ships were not lost during the war, but were broken up or sold following peace. Consequently, many of these ships are scattered around Lake Ontario where they were abandoned or lost as merchant ships.

Department of Anthropology

Chiarulli presented “Using Geophysical Instruments to Investigate Late Prehistoric Villages in Western Pennsylvania” as part of a session on geophysical investigations in the Mid-Atlantic Region. She also presented “Using Virtual Worlds to Reconstruct the Inaccessible Past,” co-authored with Marion Smeltzer. Lisa Dugas, a 2011 graduate from the M.A. in Applied Archaeology program, presented on an analysis of bone tools from the Johnston Site in a paper titled “Bone Reading: Insights into the Monongahela: Tradition from Bone Artifacts.”

Image: The Brown Farm Recreated in ScienceSim

Smeltzer presented “Reconstructing the Inaccessible Past through Virtual World Platforms” at the 35th annual Appalachian Studies Conference on the IUP campus on March 24, 2012.

Department of Anthropology

The agreement will allow IUP faculty and students to assist PennDot with artifact curation, in-house surveys, public outreach, and geophysical investigations.

Beverly Chiarulli, director of IUP Archaeological Services

IUP Archaeological Services has partnered with PennDot since 1999. This is the fifth partnership agreement between the two state agencies. The partnerships have supplied PennDot with cultural resource expertise and provided IUP faculty, staff, and students with experience and opportunities to learn, practice, and perfect their skills and operation techniques. Through these projects, Archaeological Services fulfills its professional commitment to the preservation of Pennsylvania's cultural heritage and generates important new information related to its 14,000 year history.

While PennDot's primary mission is to improve the transportation system for Pennsylvania, it is also required by federal and state law and regulations to consider the effects of its projects on historic properties and archaeological sites in the Commonwealth.

Under the previous agreements, Archaeological Services has prepared more than 500,000 artifacts from PennDot investigations for permanent storage at the Pennsylvania State Museum, partnered in the development of the Byways to the Past conference, published public outreach booklets on the archaeological investigations on PennDot projects as well as electronic versions of technical reports, and provided opportunities for graduate students in the MA in Applied Archaeology program to work with PennDot archaeologists through internships and crew chiefs on in-house surveys.

Students working on the PennDot Curation Project

Neusius and Dugas were featured in the Spring 2012 issue of Carnegie, the magazine of the Carnegie Museum of Natural History in Pittsburgh. The article, “Crossroads of Culture,” describes how Neusius and Dugas have been able to use the collections in the Carnegie to compare material excavated in the 1950s with more recent materials collected by the IUP Late Prehistoric Project. Dugas (in photo) was also able to use the Carnegie collections as part of her M.A. thesis research on the modified implements made from animal bone found at several village sites. Her thesis was completed in December 2011.

Smith's research on the Mary Rinn site was featured in the winter 2011–2012 issue of American Archaeology, the magazine published by the Archaeological Conservancy. Smith's M.A. thesis research used ground penetrating radar (GPR) to survey the Mary Rinn Site in central Indiana County to compare the efectiveness of GPR surveys of the stockades of Late Prehistoric and early French and Indian War sites. The Archaeological Conservancy, established in 1980, is the only national nonprofit organization dedicated to acquiring and preserving the best of our nation's remaining archaeological sites. Based in Albuquerque, New Mexico, the conservancy also operates regional offices in Mississippi, Maryland, Ohio, and California.

Research by Chiarulli and coauthors Smith and Eleanor King (Howard University) was spotlighted in the March 7 issue of the American Association of State Colleges and Universities newsletter for their poster presentation at the 91st annual meeting of the Transportation Research Board in January 2012, Washington, D.C. The poster reported the results of a geophysical survey during the Gila Archaeological Project in New Mexico in 2010 and 2011.

Two papers on M.A. student research have been posted on the website of the Allegheny Chapter of the Society for Pennsylvania Archaeology.

The first, “Faunal Analysis of the Hatfield Site (36WH678)” by Holmes, Boon, and Kroskie, was originally presented at the 82nd annual meeting of the Society For Pennsylvania Archaeology, April 8–10, 2011, in Morgantown, Pa. It was based on research conducted as part of the Specialized Methods in Archaeology: Faunal Analysis course requirements during the Spring 2011 semester.

The second paper, “Archaeological Prospection of the Hatfield Site, a Monongahela Tradition Village in Washington County” by Espino, Van Dam, Brown, and Smeltzer, was based on research and a report completed as part of the Specialized Methods in Archaeology: Archaeological Geophysics course requirements during the Fall 2011 semester.

Department of Anthropology

The paper, based on research and consultant work conducted for the U.S. Department of Agriculture and the U.S. Bureau of the Census, examined the many contributions that Latino farmers, many of whom are immigrants, make to food security and the U.S. economy.

The 2012 Siglo XXI Conference convened members of the Inter-University Program of Latino Research network of scholars and researchers, as well as faculty of other institutions, to discuss current research on Latino education, health, politics, civic engagement, labor and economics, immigration, the arts, culture, and society.

Department of Anthropology

The poster reported the results of a geophysical survey of two locales during the Gila Archaeological Project in New Mexico in 2010 and 2011.

Based on preliminary surface surveys and information from local informants, one locale was thought to have been the location of a community school, while the other was thought to have been a blacksmith shop. For comparison, sample grids were established at each locale, and then each was surveyed using ground penetrating radar, conductivity, and magnetic susceptibility instruments, as well as systematic surface and metal detector surveys. The use of multiple geophysical instruments provided a more detailed picture of subsurface features than any single instrument. The results allowed us to evaluate the effectiveness of each instrument in this environmental setting.

The TRB annual meeting program covers all transportation modes, with more than 4,000 presentations in over 650 sessions and workshops addressing topics of interest to all attendees—policy makers, administrators, practitioners, researchers, and representatives of government, industry, and academic institutions. The poster is available for subscribers of the TRB Visual Library.

Department of Anthropology

In addition, graduate student Marion Smeltzer has been appointed to the Public Education Committee, and graduate student Germain McArdle has been appointed to the Native American Scholarship Committee and the Student Affairs Committee.

Other faculty members are also active members of Society for American Archaeology (SAA) committees. Sarah Neusius is currently chair of the Committee on Curricula, and Beverly Chiarulli is the network coordinator for Pennsylvania as part of the SAA Public Education Network.

The SAA is an international organization dedicated to the research, interpretation, and protection of the archaeological heritage of the Americas. With more than 7,000 members, the society represents professional, student, and avocational archaeologists working in a variety of settings, including government agencies, colleges and universities, museums, and the private sector.

Burns and Raber have completed two field seasons at the site and will return in 2012. Fort Shirley was a French and Indian War stockaded fort in Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania. The small, colonial fort was constructed by George Croghan in 1755. Croghan relocated to the Aughwick Valley after the French victory at Fort Necessity with his native allies. They built houses and a small fortification in this area. Burns and Raber found the fort's stockade in their first field season in 2010 and have continued explorations of the fort.

In Fall 2009, Beverly Chiarulli, of the IUP Anthropology Department, and several IUP students assisted the project by conducting a ground penetrating radar survey of the area. Donna Smith, graduate student in the IUP M.A. in Applied Archaeology program, is currently completing her M.A. thesis on these geophysical investigations.

Laura Kaufman and Andrea Boon were both awarded School of Graduate Studies and Research graduate student research grants in November, and Callista Holmes received the same grant in February. Kaufman is studying the faunal remains from the Johnston Site, a late prehistoric site in Indiana County that has been the subject of IUP archaeological field schools for the past several years. Boone is studying the faunal remains of the Koster Site, a nationally significant archaeological site located in Illinois. Holme’s research focuses on developing a magnetometer model to better identify shipwrecks.

The graduate student research grant is competitive grant that requires students to reflect excellent academic scholarship that is likely to contribute new insights in their chosen academic field. Holmes, Boone, and Kaufman will use these funds to travel to collections and archives as they complete their theses.

Maya Pyramid Reconstruction on Archaeology Island

Archaeology Island, originally funded by a Provost Innovation Grant, consists of virtualizations of archaeological sites investigated by faculty members in the IUP Anthropology, History, and Sociology departments. Sites featured on the island include the recreation of a Monongahela Village investigated in Western Pennsylvania by Sarah Neusius and Beverly Chiarulli (Anthropology), a Roman site in Cyprus investigated by R. Scott Moore (History), an underwater shipwreck investigated by Ben Ford (Anthropology), a Maya site in Belize investigated by Beverly Chiarulli (Anthropology), and a recent recreation of the Laurel Hill /Brown farm, part of an initiative by James Dougherty (Sociology and director of the Center for Northern Appalachian Studies). The farm, established in 1790 and occupied until the 1960s, was the site of an antebellum community of former slaves. Because of its inaccessibility, the area has been virtually reconstructed to show the landscape, buildings, and stones marking the graves of Civil War colored troops.

Maya House on Archaeology Island

ScienceSim was launched in January 2009 by ACM and the IEEE Computer Society to support the SuperComputing 2009 conference. It continues to be an environment where scientists, educators, and students come together to explore new usages of virtual environments. Although it is still in Beta testing, it provides an environment for experimentation and design of in virtual worlds. The grid, mostly used by the academic world, helps develop learning materials using the platform. It also has a forum for discussion of the use of virtual environments for the classroom.

The developers have recently extended a public invitation so others can come to ScienceSim and investigate its use for building collaborative visualization tools. As an added bonus and incentive to help “newbies,” the site provides some startup templates for buildings and other tools that are automatically placed in your inventory.

Visit Archaeology Island

• To visit Archaeology Island, you must first register an account on ScienceSim.
• You must also install any varient of the Second Life client. It is suggested that the Imprudence Viewer be downloaded and installed.
• Once Imprudence is installed and started, the main login screen will appear. In the “Region” menu on the left, search for and click on “Nova” near the bottom. This will adjust the start location. Then, in the “Grid” menu, choose “sciencesim.” Logging in now with your ScienceSim username and password will take you to Archaeology Island.
• Another suggested viewer is the Hippo OpenSim Viewer. Instructions for its use are on the ScienceSim main page.

We hope to see you there!

Applications are now being accepted by Anthropology faculty members Sarah Neusius and Beverly Chiarulli for the 2012 IUP Archaeological Field School. The field school will be held in Indiana County and will continue investigations of late prehistoric villages in this area.

The six-week field school will start the week before the Summer I term. There will be three concurrent field schools—a Basic Field School for undergraduates (ANTH 320) and graduate (ANTH 520) students without previous archaeological experience, and an advanced field school for graduate students with previous experience (ANTH 740).

Right: Students in the IUP Archaeological Field School

Undergraduate students with previous field experience can apply for permission to take ANTH 520. The prerequesite for ANTH 320 is ANTH 244. Registration for all three courses is with instructor permission.

Applications are available in the Anthropology Department, McElhaney G-1, and are due on March 19, but will be accepted until the courses are filled. ANTH 320 is required for all Archaeology Track Anthropology majors, but all majors are welcome. Non-IUP students can apply and, if accepted, register through Continuing Education.

The Archaeological Field School provides training in field methods and artifact analysis. The last three field schools have investigated a late prehistoric village in Indiana County. A short video on the 2010 field school can be viewed here.

For more details or an application, contact Sarah Neusius (Sarah.Neusius@iup.edu) or Beverly Chiarulli (Beverly.Chiarulli@iup.edu), or come to the Anthropology Department (McElhaney G-1).

This field school involves ethnographic and oral history research, incorporating IUP students and community members in data collection, to document and analyze the social impacts of this emerging industry on rural Pennsylvania communities in Indiana County, focusing on the debates about drilling in the county’s conservation zones. Ethnographic fieldwork opens a space for local experiences to inform the kinds of categories used to track social changes in rural communities. Consequently, this participatory approach involves working with research collaborators to explore people’s perceptions of social and cultural change related to the possible topic areas of health, autonomy, sense of place, stewardship, civic engagement, access to public resources, shifting perspectives on and use of energy resources, and changes to traditional livelihoods. The field school will train undergraduate and graduate students and some community leaders in oral history and ethnographic methods.

The first two weeks will be in the classroom, learning the techniques and basics of ethnography and oral history, and covering the local and regional issues related to Marcellus Shale development. Weeks three through five will be spent with students conducting fieldwork in Indiana County, and the last week will be spent synthesizing information and compiling a final product for presentation to the community.

The field school (ANTH 460/560) will be offered for undergradute or graduate credit and is available to students from IUP and beyond. Prerequesite is ANTH 456 or instructor permission. The field school will be held July 9–August 17, 2012, based out of IUP and surrounding communities. Please contact Anastasia Hudgins (stasiah@iup.edu), Amanda Poole (pooleab@iup.edu), or Jim Dougherty (jdoc@iup.edu) for more information.

In April 2011, the Indiana County courthouse was packed with over 100 people, gathered at the commissioner’s meeting to voice their perspectives on the application of MDS energy to continue drilling in a conservation buffer zone surrounding Yellow Creek State Park, where county zoning regulations had been violated by drilling a deep vertical well for natural gas extraction through hydraulic fracturing. The testimonies were polite and impassioned, touching on private property rights and the right of people to safely use the public park and its drinking water supply, the potential for long-time landowners to finally make ends meet, and the concern of more recently settled neighbors for preserving the serene quality and value of their homes in the country. Many people’s concerns were also informed by memories of the coal industry, some pointing to the need to care for lands and streams barely restored, and others cautioning that the industry, finally on the brink of return, must not be chased away.

If de-industrialization was not only an economic but a cultural process in Pennsylvania, this history now informs a new wave of energy extraction as communities grapple with the many socio-economic impacts that are just now taking shape—often in ways that seem beyond the control of individuals, community organizations, and county zoning boards. As this trillion-dollar industry unfurls in and under our counties, there is a pressing need for quality data on social changes accompanying this industrial expansion.

Department of Anthropology

Four students graduated in May, two in August, and four in December. They include Angela Jaillet, Erin Kuns, Jonathan Libbon, and Jeffrey Meyer in August; Amanda Gill and Seth Mitchell in August; and Laura Adams, Lisa Dugas, David Kroskie, and Michael Sprowles graduated in December. You can learn more about each graduate by visiting the 2011 Graduates page. All of the students started the program in September 2009 as part of the first cohort in the program.

May 2011 Graduates Angela Jaillet, Jeffrey Meyer, Jonathan Libbon, and their Thesis Committee Chair, Dr. Ben Ford.

Drs. Bevelry Chiarulli and Sarah Neusius (Chair) Members of thesis committee, MA in Applied Archaeology Advisory Board Member Diane Landers from GAI Consultants, and Lisa Dugas (December 2011).

Drs. Bevelry Chiarulli and Sarah Neusius (Chair) Members of thesis committee, David Kroskie, and Thesis Committee member Dr. John Nass California University of Pennsylvania (December 2011).

The 12th annual Archaeology Institute of America (AIA) Archaeology Fair was held at the Franklin Institute. Chiarulli and Smeltzer worked with children using stone flakes to drill holes in rocks. The activity is popular wih all ages and gives them a chance to make replicas of artifacts. This year's fair featured archaeologically-themed programs and interactive activities for the whole family, giving everyone the chance to dig into archaeology and uncover the past. The activity is featured on the AIA website.

At right: Marion Smeltzer with students drilling at the AIA Fair

The AIA is North America's oldest and largest organization devoted to the world of archaeology. The institute is a nonprofit group founded in 1879 and chartered by the United States Congress in 1906. Today, the AIA has nearly 250,000 members belonging to more than 100 local societies in the United States, Canada, and overseas.

Ford co-authored three papers on recent work performed in Black River Bay, Lake Ontario, with the IUP Geoscience Department. He co-wrote “Results from the Archaeological and Geoscience Survey of Black River Bay, Lake Ontario” and “Collaborative Archaeological and Geoscience Survey of Black River Bay, Lake Ontario” with Professor Katie Farnsworth of the Geoscience Department, Carrie Sowden (Great Lakes Historical Society), and Scott Harris (College of Charleston). He co-wrote “Through-Ice Ground-Penetrating Radar on Lake Ontario: The Search for the Ice Gunboat” with Peter Leach (John Milner Associates).

The three papers provide updates on the ongoing War of 1812 Shipwrecks project, which is attempting to locate two wrecks that happened during the war in Lake Ontario. The goal is to study their construction techniques and how they effected the deposition of sediments in the Black River Bay. Its important teaching role is to provide cross-training for Geoscience and Anthropology students in the methods of marine remote sensing.

Chiarulli and Smith coauthored with Eleanor King (Howard University) a poster titled “Geophysical Investigations of Two Locales Near Hermosa, New Mexico,” describing investigations conducted in 2009–2011 by the Gila Archaeological Project.

The project investigated two areas adjacent to the abandoned 19th-century mining town of Hermosa. From preliminary surface surveys and information from local informants, one area was thought to have been the location of a community school and the other a blacksmith shop. For comparison, sample grids were established at the locales and then surveyed using ground-penetrating radar, conductivity, and magnetic susceptibility instruments, as well as systematic surface and metal detector surveys. The use of multiple geophysical instruments provided a more detailed picture of subsurface features than single instruments could. The results allow evaluation of the effectiveness of each instrument in this environmental setting.

Jaillet, Libbon, and Meyer, all 2011 graduates of the master's program in Applied Archaeology, presented papers derived from their theses. Jaillet presented “Beyond Big Words: A Methodological Approach to LiDAR in Historical Archaeology,” and Libbon presented “George Washington in a Redcoat: Fort Necessity Revealed.” Meyer presented “Consumption in the Lab: A Study of the Consumer Behavior of Enrollees in a Civilian Conservation Corps Camp” and chaired a session sponsored by the SHA Technology Committee.

Read abstracts of these papers at the SHA online conference program. 

In “Worker Housing in the Vermont Copper Belt: Improving Life and Industry through Paternalism and Resistance,” Ford explores the relationships between improvement, paternalism, and resistance at two major copper mines and their associated villages in east-central Vermont.

The Elizabeth and Ely Mines hired and housed thousands of miners, laborers, and their families. The mines pursued the same resource in the same environment during the same period, but the Ely Mine developed a centralized village, while the Elizabeth Mine housed its workers in isolated housing clusters. The causes of these differences can be traced to differences in scale, setting, and managerial philosophy, and analyzed within the larger historical context of Improvement and the larger ethnographic context of paternalism in mining communities.

Ford’s article was part of the issue theme “Poverty in Depth: New International Perspectives.”

The International Journal of Historical Archaeology is an authoritative resource for scholarly research on historical archaeology, publishing articles by an international body of experts on the latest theoretical, methodological, and site-specific research.

The full text of this article is available on SpringerLink.

Her research goal is to construct a theoretical model for the magnetic anomalies produced by shipwrecks of specific periods and sizes based on the amounts of iron that were used in their construction.

Holmes will compare her model to magnetic data generated by archaeological shipwrecks of known age and size. Her research will contribute to our understanding of marine magnetometry in maritime archaeology and may provide a valuable method for shipwreck identification.

Sigma Xi is a multidisciplinary research society that supports scientific achievement through the society's programs. The Sigma Xi GIAR program promotes student work covering a range of studies in the sciences.

Approximately thirty-five students joined faculty in a packed room to participate in a series of presentations and question-answer sessions with professional applied anthropologists. Dr. Amanda Poole, the Anthropology Department Internship Coordinator, planned the evening. Poole spoke about the growing job opportunities for anthropology graduates in the U.S. and abroad in international development and natural resource management. Dr. Anastasia Hudgins talked about her experiences domestically and internationally working in urban areas on applied medical anthropology projects.

Dr. C. Todd White drew on his prior research experiences assessing and re-designing university library websites to talk about the growth of lucrative consulting positions for anthropology graduates trained in ethnographic research skills. Dr. White also discussed the application of his research on gender and sexuality to improving the treatment of convicts within the U.S. prison system.

The second half of the evening was devoted to a description of opportunities for Anthropology majors to build career skills through internships facilitated by the long-standing Internship Program in the Anthropology Department. Anthropology majors Robin Matty and Jamie Mead described the value of having worked at internship positions as IUP undergraduates. Matty has worked as an archaeology intern at the Smithsonian Natural History Museum and Mead worked with a nonprofit organization in Seattle focused on refugee resettlement.

The evening highlighted the impressive range of internships that have been performed by IUP Anthropology majors in public, private, and nonprofit settings around the world.

The African Studies Association annual conference is the largest gathering of Africanist scholars in the world. The theme of the 2011 conference was “50 years of African liberation,” and scholars were invited to reflect on the complex unfolding of history during the past five decades in Africa.

The paper was part of a panel titled “Post-Liberation Eritrea: 20 Years Anniversary.” This session involved an international panel of scholars who were invited to critically examine the challenges of forming a nation-state in Eritrea in the last 20 years, as ex-guerrilla fighters transformed into state-managers following independence from Ethiopia. These articles are currently being revised for submission to a special issue of Africa Today.

Amanda Poole’s paper addresses the question of state-making in relation to out-migration from Eritrea. The escape of citizens from Eritrea has potentially been a source of challenge to state authority in the country. However, this paper argues that the Eritrean state has developed new strategies of gate-keeping that operate in and through transnational kinship networks, porous borders, and the aspirations of citizens to escape civil service as state agents themselves. This paper draws from fifteen months of ethnographic research on refugee resettlement in the Eritrean lowlands to explore new configurations of power and belonging in the Eritrean gatekeeper state. The “gatekeeper state” (Cooper 2002) is a theory describing the marked continuities in state-society relations throughout the late colonial and post-colonial periods in Africa, involving a system of governing in which the patrimonial state sits astride narrow channels of wealth creation. While they control the major circulation of citizens, funds, and resources, these states are potentially threatened by socio-economic networks that operate outside the range of state control – within and across national borders. This paper rethinks the gatekeeper state in contemporary Africa through examining the micropolitics of gatekeeping in Eritrea, particularly around the circulation of citizens via illegal emigration and the capture of ransoms and remittances from those who leave.

On October 14, graduate student Marion Smeltzer was an exhibitor at the Pennsylvania Council for Social Studies annual meeting in Pittsburgh. On October 26, a group from IUP joined archaeologists from around the state in a program at the Pennylvania state capitol.

Right: Marion Smeltzer at the PCSS annual conference in Pittsburgh

The Pennsylvania Council for Social Studies is an organization of K-12 teachers from around the Commonwealth. Each year, the Pennsylvania Archaeological Council and IUP Archaeological Services sponsor an exhibitor’s booth at the PCSS conference. For several years, Marion Smeltzer has staffed the booth and provided teachers with resources for including Pennsylvania archaeology in their classrooms.

Left: Seth Van Dam and the IUP display in Harrisburg

Each year, archaeologists from around Pennsylvania visit the state capital in Harrisburg as part of Archaeology Month. This year, eighteen graduate students from the M.A. in Applied Archaeology Program joined Dr. Chiarulli at the event. The students produced two exhibits. One was on the impact of Marcellous Shale on Pennsylvaina archaeological sites, developed by Jason Espino, Callista Holmes, Andrea Boone, and Randy Kuhlman. The other exhibit, by Meggie Pace, Sara Rubino, and Sarah Mousetis, described the ways that archaeology is used in K-12 schools and listed the college programs in the Commonwealth.

Above: Glen Hensen (L), Randy Kuhlman (C), and Marion Smeltzer with students making cordage 

Students also assisted with hands-on activities for fourth-grade students at the program and met with some of their state representatives to discuss threats to archaeological sites in the state from drilling. Later in the day, the group met with archaeologists from several state agencies and private consulting firms, including PennDot and the Pennslvania State Museum, to discuss career options and the roles of archaeologists in state government.

The World Lake Conference is a biennial conference organized by the International Lake Environment Committee Foundation.

The paper, coauthored with Katie Farnsworth (Geoscience), Carrie Sowden, and Scott Harris, was part of an invited technical session entitled “Diving and Archaeology.” The paper discussed work conducted over the past four years by an interdisciplinary team of archaeologists and geologists investigating portions of the Black River Bay, Lake Ontario, with a variety of techniques ranging from a site-specific probing survey to a geophysical (side-scan sonar, sub-bottom profiler, and magnetometer) survey of the navigable portions of the bay. While the initial focus of this work was War of 1812 shipwrecks, the investigations have expanded to include techniques often reserved for land (i.e., ground-penetrating radar), and questions focused on geologic and anthropogenic environmental processes. The objectives, methods, and preliminary results will be summarized, and the benefits of integrating geology and archaeology in similar submerged investigations were discussed.

She is assisted by Anthropology Department graduate students Meggie Pace and Lydia DeHaven.

Although the Squirrel Hill site is listed in the National Register, the only reported investigation of the site was undertaken in the early 1950s by amateur archaeologists and members of the Conemaugh Chapter of the Society for Pennsylvania Archaeology. Many questions remain about the date and cultural affiliations of the Squirrel Hill site that can be answered through a systematic survey of the site using advanced geophysical technologies to determine the internal arrangement of villages through the non-destructive mapping of stockades, houses, and storage pits, and by collecting limited excavation samples for analysis and dating. Not only will this investigation allow us to better understand the internal organization of the Squirrel Hill site and relationships with neighboring communities, but it will also provide us with comparable data to that we have from other Johnston Phase sites to provide the basis for the multiple property context.

Because there is no deadline for admission, student applications are reviewed on a rolling basis; the deadline for applications for financial aid, including graduate assistantships, is March 15. To apply, complete the online or printed application available at How to Apply. For more information, contact Dr. Phillip Neusius (phillip.neusius@iup.edu), chair of the IUP Anthropology Department.

At right: Spring 2011 MA Graduates Angela Jaillet, Jeff Meyer, Jon Libbon and their advisor, Dr. Ben Ford

The program includes 36 hours of graduate coursework. All students will take a required common core of 15 credits, 15 credits of electives, and six credits of thesis and/or internship. Graduates with a master’s degree in Applied Archaeology may be employed by a variety of public and private employers. For example, Pennsylvania and the Mid-Atlantic region will need more trained professionals to assist in the growth of the fields of historic preservation and heritage tourism, the most rapidly expanding segment of the tourism industry, Pennsylvania’s second largest industry. The governor, the state legislature, and, in particular, the General Assembly’s Center for Rural Pennsylvania have long recognized the need to combine research on cultural and historical preservation with tourism. The Pennsylvania House of Representatives and Senate have, in the past, unanimously passed resolutions recognizing the importance of the state’s historic and prehistoric features. A recent House resolution calls for a statewide inventory of historically significant structures.

Tourism has been recognized by the state as an important—in some cases, key—economic force, and many state agencies have stated that Pennsylvania should use historic preservation to its economic advantage, improving the state’s economy while also promoting a sense of regional and state pride. For example, Governor Rendell recently launched a cabinet-level task force on the Pennsylvania Wilds to encourage “heritage tourism,” combining officials from the Department of Natural Resources, the Pennsylvania Tourism Office, and other agencies.

Recent graduates from the program are employed by consulting firms and federal agencies.

Marcellus shale contains natural gas which can be collected from wells drilled into the shale bedrock deep below the surface.

Current legislation in Pennsylvania does not require the drilling industry to determine if archaeological sites can be avoided as wells are drilled. Instead, part of the Pennsylvania History code requires the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission to conduct the archaeological investigations on state-permitted projects like Marcellus Shale projects. However, the agency’s budget has been cut, so no investigations are conducted. According to Espino, more than 3,000 recorded archaeological sites are found in Washington County. It is not known how many have been damaged, but Espino’s research may develop the data to answer this question.

Two well-known sites have been damaged in other parts of the Commonwealth. Friedenshuetten, a site north of Scranton on the Susquehanna River, was founded by a Moravian missionary and Native Americans of the Eastern Delaware Nation in 1763. The site has been disturbed by the construction of a gas well pipeline.

A second site in Southwestern Pennsylvania, a Monongahela village, was damaged by a drill rig. This site was the location of two villages, one dating to the mid-fifteenth century. This late village was attached and burned by unknown attackers who left unburied victims of the attack at the site. As much as half the site has been damaged.

The article, “Does the Natural Gas Boom Endanger Archaeology?” is published in Archaeology Magazine, a bimonthly publication of the Archaeological Institute of America. It appears in From the Trenches, a monthly column by Nikhil Swaminathan.

Department of Anthropology

October:

• 13: Winona LaDuke Speech – Social Change Conference, Pittsburgh. Make a reservation
• 13: Inter-Club Talk w/Geological Society and Biology clubs, 116 Northern Suites, 6:00–7:00 p.m.
• 15: Fort Ligonier Days (day trip)
• 19: Once-A-Month Movie, McElhaney G2, 6:30–9:00 p.m.

November:

• 2: Internship/Career Night
• 9: Once-A-Month Movie, McElhaney G-2, 6:30–9:00 p.m.
• 12: Native American Heritage Day at IUP

December:

• 3: Old Bedford Village Christmas Village, 5:00–9:00 p.m.
• 10: Anthropology Club Holiday Party

Department of Anthropology

The IUP group demonstrated and taught the Ellis ninth graders to flintknap, use stone tools for drilling holes in stone, and make cordage.

Right: Beverly Chiarulli at the Ellis School

This is an annual event, organized by Dr. Ellen Bedell of the Ellis School for her ninth grade World History class. The students also participate in a mock excavation designed to allow them to investigate a site from the American Southwest.

The IUP group provides the students with an opportunity to use “primitive” technologies and to discover that, with a little practice, much can be made with stone tools. Watch a brief video on the activities.

The Ellis School is an independent girls school.

Above: Marion Smeltzer and Lydia DeHaven working with Ellis School Students

Since Neolithic time, cultures around the world have used physical marks as rites of passage, marks of status and rank, symbols of religious and spiritual devotion, decorations for bravery, and sexual lures and fertility, among others. This lecture will discuss how humans use tattoos to mark meaning, how sailors and maritime travelers have spread this practice from other cultures, and how different classes within societies co-opt activities like tattooing.

The lecture will begin at 7:00 p.m. and is presented in conjunction with the Mark Perrott’s exhibition of black and white photographs entitled “Tattoo Witness.”

The Rumbarger Cemetery in Dubois was founded in 1870. Originally privately owned, it had fallen into disrepair until a local preservation organization, the Rumbarger Cemetery Preservation Society, formed to try to improve and maintain the cemetery. As part of their efforts, Dr. Chiarulli was contacted and asked to conduct a survey of the entire cemetery covering some seven acres.

As a start, she and graduate students from the M.A. in Applied Archaeology program investigated part of the cemetery to determine if GPR would identify unmarked graves. Their efforts are shown in a video news story by Brittany Boyer of WJAC-TV.

The address, entitled “The Search for Chauncey’s Fleet in Lake Ontario,” described the results of Drs. Ben Ford and Katie Farnsworth’s (Geoscience) recent research in Lake Ontario.

The Association for Great Lakes Maritime History is an international organization of museums, archives, and individuals concerned with the maritime history of the Great Lakes. This year’s annual meeting was hosted by the Great Lakes Historical Society in Toledo, Ohio.

Ford and Farnsworth are currently leading an interdisciplinary team to locate War of 1812 shipwrecks in Lake Ontario and to study the geologic and sedimentary processes that influenced how these sites and the underlying lake floor formed.

The McMillan Internship is awarded by the Illinois State Museum in honor of R. Bruce McMillan, former Research and Collections director.

The internship provides the opportunity for three months of paid, hands-on experience with the numerous collections managed by the museum.

Using the osteology collection at the museum, Andrea has been studying archaic animal remains from the Koster site collection as part of her master’s thesis research.

Department of Anthropology

The Oxford Handbook of Maritime Archaeology, published by Oxford University Press, provides a comprehensive survey of the field through forty-eight original essays. It offers a review of best practices and the latest methodologies as the field of maritime archaeology enters its fifth decade.

In addition to editing the book with Alexis Catsambis (Naval History and Heritage Command) and Donny Hamilton (Texas A&M University), Ford contributed a chapter on coastal archaeology. This chapter synthesizes current archaeological work along the margins of the Earth’s oceans and lakes and argues that coastal archaeology forms a link between the established fields of maritime and terrestrial archaeology.

The Archaeology of Maritime Landscapes is part of the Society for Historical Archaeology and the Advisory Council on Underwater Archaeology series “When the Land Meets the Sea,” published by Springer.

This volume contains nineteen chapters discussing past human interactions with maritime landscapes at regional and local scales. The chapters range from the U.S. to Australia, and cover periods from approximately 14,000 years ago to the recent past.

In addition to editing the book, Ford contributed the introduction and a chapter on the cognitive maritime landscape of Lake Ontario. The introduction defines “maritime cultural landscape” and places the study of these landscapes within the larger field of archaeology. Ford’s chapter on Lake Ontario discusses how the perception of the lake and its margins were affected by culture and changed through time.

Dr. Ben Ford, codirector of the Field School and a faculty member in the IUP Anthropology Department, and Andrea Boon, one of the students, were interviewed.

The article, published on July 20, 2011, is available through the TRIB Live News, the online version of the paper.

The field school is investigating the eighteenth-century first county seat of Westmoreland County, even through the recent week of ninety-degree temperatures.

The paper, “Virtual Archaeology: Public Archaeology in Second Life,” was presented in a session on Archaeology in Contemporary Media. Co-authors included Drs. Beverly Chiarulli, Ben Ford, and Sarah Neusius in the IUP Anthropology Department and Dr. R. Scott Moore in the History Department.

At right: Marion Smeltzer’s avatar, Nova Saunders, in the Maya section of IUP Archaeology Island

The presentation described the creation of the IUP Second Life Archaeology Island. The virtual world includes sections on Roman, Maya, Late Woodland Pennsylvania, and underwater archaeological sites and can be used to orient project participants as well as provide the public with the opportunity to “virtually” travel through time.

Archaeologists have effectively used the Internet as a vehicle for public outreach for the past fifteen years. As new technologies develop, new opportunities for public education also appear. Virtual reality environments like Second Life provide interactive experiences for the public as well as for the classroom.

The theme of TAG Berkeley 2011 was Archaeology “of and in” the Contemporary World. Participants were invited to present on the contemporary social context of archaeology.

The conference was sponsored by the Archaeological Research Facility at the University of California–Berkeley. TAG has been organizing an annual meeting in the United Kingdom since 1979, with the aim of promoting debate and discussion of issues in archaeological theory.

Smeltzer has been the chief developer of Archaeology Island for the past two years. She is currently working with the Center for Northern Appalachian Studies to add a section on Archaeology Island about local Civil War history.

Espino’s M.A. thesis topic is an evaluation of the impact of drilling on the 3,000 known archaeological sites in Washington County. Unlike the situation with many other impacts to archaeological sites in the commonwealth, there is little protection for sites impacted by gas-well drilling.

The article, which appeared May 9, 2011, describes the damage that has been done to several important archaeological sites in Westmoreland and Washington counties. One site, the Kirshner site, near West Newton in Westmoreland County, was a large Monongahela Culture village dated to the Late Prehistoric period. Part of the village has been investigated by archaeologists who found that it had been burned by attackers who “massacred its inhabitants,” according to the article.

Neusius and Chiarulli presented a paper titled “Results of the 2010 Investigations at the Johnston Site.”

Graduate student presentations included

• Jason Espino: “Natural Gas Exploitation, Marcellus Shale, and Archaeological Resources: Threats to the Archaeological Heritage of Pennsylvania”
• Callista Holmes, Andrea Boon, and David J. Kroskie: “Faunal Analysis of the Hatfield Site (36WH678)”
• Seth T. Mitchell: “New Insights into the Johnston Phase: Ceramic Style at the Johnston Site”
• Jonathan R. Libbon: “We Had Everything But Money: A Study of Buying Strategies at a Civilian Corps Camp in the Allegheny National Forest”

The Society for Pennsylvania Archaeology is the largest statewide organization in Pennsylvania. Its membership includes both professional and avocational archaeologists. This was the eighty-second annual meeting of the society.

Dr. Kruckman is a professor in the Anthropology Department; Jonathan, Callista, Andrea, and Lisa are students in the M.A. in Applied Archaeology Program; and Thomas is an undergraduate Anthropology–Archaeology Track major.

During Research Appreciation week, Dr. Laurence Kruckman was the recipient of the College of Humanities and Social Sciences Outstanding Researcher Award.

Kruckman has been at IUP for twenty-six years and has published extensively on the topic of postpartum depression. His 1983 article, “Multi-Disciplinary Perspectives on Postpartum Depression: An Anthropological Critique,” is still widely quoted today. In the 1990s, he assisted in the establishment of several self-help groups, and led the effort to create the most popular website on postpartum depression in the world, Postpartum Support International.

Jonathan Libbon was recognized with one of the Outstanding Graduate Student Researcher awards. His thesis is titled “We Had Everything but Money: A Study of Buying Strategies at a Civilian Conservation Corps Camp in the Allegheny National Forest.” Right: Jonathan Libbon receiving award from Provost Intemann and Graduate School Dean Timothy Mack

Jonathan contributed a new approach to the study of archaeological consumer choice and new data to the study of American history by focusing on the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC), a group for which the federal government provided the basic needs in addition to a fixed income that could be spent on non-essential items. He excavated and analyzed an archaeological collection, compared his findings to historical documents, and examined previously excavated data. Libbon’s findings include a strong relation between the rural or urban origin of CCC employees and their adaptability to economic stress during the Great Depression. Dr. Ben Ford is the chair of his thesis committee.

Libbon was also recognized by the Society for Pennsylvania Archaeology as the recipient of the Kinsey Award at the Annual Meeting of the SPA April 8-–0, 2011.

To apply for the award, students are required to submit a paper to the conference. The selected paper will be published online through the PHMC website and submitted for review to the editor of the journal Pennsylvania Archaeologist for possible publication. The editor of the journal will make the final decision on publication.

The annual W. Fred Kinsey Meeting Scholarship provides student membership to the Society for Pennsylvania Archaeology for one year and a $100 award. Dr. Kinsey was a curator with the PHMC before going to Franklin and Marshall College and the North Museum from the late 1950s through the mid-1980s. His work on the prehistory of the Upper Delaware laid the foundation for much of the interpretation of this region of Pennsylvania. In addition to his contributions to archaeological investigations, he mentored many students who went on to become significant archaeologists on their own merits.

Two other students, Callistra Holmes and Andrea Boone, also received James W. Hatch Scholarships to attend the meeting. The award is presented by the Pennsylvania Archaeological Council (PAC) in cooperation with the Society for Pennsylvania Archaeology, and awards scholarships to enable students of archaeology in Pennsylvania schools and universities to attend the joint annual SPA/PAC meeting in April 2011.

Callista and Andrea received scholarships of $100 apiece to attend the conference. Callista, Andrea, and co-author David Kroskie presented a paper at the conference, “Faunal Analysis of the Hatfield Site (36WH678).”

Two students were recognized during the IUP Undergraduate and Graduate Scholars Forums in early April 2011.

Thomas Wambach's research poster (at right), “Firing Techniques and Their Effects on Susquehannock Ceramic Vessels,” was selected as Best Poster from the College of Humanities and Social Science in the Undergraduate Scholars Forum.

Lisa Dugas, graduate student in the Applied Archaeology M.A. program, received an Honorable Mention in the Graduate Scholars Forum for her poster, “Searching for Social Identity in Monongahela Bone and Shell Artifacts.”

Dr. Victor Garcia from the Department of Anthropology, graduate student Amy Salsgiver, and undergraduate students Christina Parise and Soichiro Hatano presented papers at the seventy-first annual meeting of the Society for Applied Anthropology in Seattle, Washington, March 29–April 2, 2011.

At right: Amy Salsgiver and Soichiro Hatano on the IUP Campus

Dr. Garcia presented “Teaching Ethnographic Methods Using Praxis in Local Settings: Challenges and Recommendations.”

Amy Salsgiver, laboratory director for IUP Archaeological Services and a graduate student in the M.A. in Geography and Regional Planning program, presented on the results of her thesis research: “Coal Culture: A Look Into the Lives of Rural Pennsylvanian Families.”

Undergraduate Anthropology major Christina Parise presented “Eating Abroad: Access to Food Diversity in Indiana, Pennsylvania.”

Undergraduate Soichiro Hatano presented the paper “Exploring the Relationship between Quality of Life and Grade Point Average within the Japanese Exchange Student Body at Indiana University of Pennsylvania.”

Acccording to its mission statement, “The Society for Applied Anthropology promotes interdisciplinary scientific investigation of the principles controlling the relations of human beings to one another, and the encouragement of the wide application of these principles to practical problems aspires to promote the integration of anthropological perspectives and methods in solving human problems throughout the world; to advocate for fair and just public policy based upon sound research; to promote public recognition of anthropology as a profession; and to support the continuing professionalization of the field.”

The SAA is the largest professional organization of archaeologists in the Americas, and includes members from Europe and Asia as well.

Ten second-year graduate students in the M.A. in Applied Archaeology program—Seth Mitchell, Angela Jaillet, Donna Smith, Michael Sprowles, Amanda Gill, Sean Martorelli, Kristin Swanton, Douglas Ritchey, Lisa Dugas, and David Keoskie—made presentations on their thesis research. Three undergraduates in the Archaeology Track of the Anthropology major—Thomas Wambaugh, Jordan Gallentine, and Sarah Williams—presented the results of their Anthropology honors theses.

In addition, three faculty members were invited discussants in organized forums. Ben Ford was a discussant in “Professionalism: Getting the Job and Finding Success in the Real World,” sponsored by Student Affairs Committee; Sarah Neusius was a discussant in “The New Graduate Education: Master’s Programs in Applied Archaeology”; and Beverly Chiarulli was a discussant in “Forming Partnerships and Preparing New Generations of Archaeologists,” sponsored by the Public Education Committee.

A complete list of the presentations follows. (Unless otherwise noted, participants are from IUP.)

Thursday, March 31, 2011

Poster Session: Raw Material Acquisition, Stone Tool Production, and Subsistence

Phillip Neusius and Seth Mitchell: “Prehistoric Chert Extraction in the Mountains of Central Pennsylvania”

Phil Neusius and Seth Mitchell with their poster

Poster Session: Integrating Geophysical Surveys into Archaeological Investigations

Organizers

Beverly Chiarulli and Angela Jaillet

Chair

Donna Smith

Participants

• Angela Jaillet: “Investigating Historic Accounts of Pandenarium: Geophysical Investigation at 36ME235”
  
• Donna Smith: “Comparing the Effectiveness of Ground Penetrating Radar in Identifying Stockade Features in Late Prehistoric and Historic Sites”
   
• Michael Sprowles: “Magnetometry and Electrical Resistivity Surveys of the Allegheny Portage Railroad”
  
  Michael Sprowles during the poster session
• Amanda Gill: “Ground Penetrating Radar at Pyla-Koutsopetria, Cyprus”
  
• Joe Verbka (Pennsylvania Department of Transportation) and Sean Martorelli: “GPR Investigations of a Historic Cemetery in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania”
  
  Angela Jaillet, Sean Martorelli, and David Kroskie at the poster session

Friday April 1, 2011

Poster Session: Coastal and Maritime Archaeology

Ben Ford and Peter Leach (John Milner Associates): “Through-Ice Ground Penetrating Radar for Shipwreck Identification”

Poster Session: Life, Death, and Survival in the Black Range

Beverly Chiarulli and Donna Smith: “Geophysical Investigations of Two Locales near Hermosa, New Mexico”

Faculty and student presenters at the Gila Archaeological Project poster session. From left: Dr. Eleanor King, Howard U; Shawn Fields, Wayne State U; Dr. Beverly Chiarulli, IUP; Donna Smith, IUP; Kathrina Aben, Howard U; Amelia Swygert, Howard U; and Ishan Gordon, Howard U.

General Session: Archaeological Education and Public Outreach in the Americas

Kristin Swanton: “Public Archaeology and Landowner Support at the Battle of Mystic Fort”

General Session: Hunter-Gatherer Studies in the Americas: Part 2

Douglas Ritchey: “The Ahtna Fish Weir Site: Weir Are the Fish?”

Saturday April 2, 2011

Poster Session: Of Rabbit and Deer: Hunting and Consumption in North America

Sarah Williams: “Prehistoric Deer Bones Tell Their Story: Investigating Deer and Human Behavior through Stable Carbon Isotope Analysis”

Poster Session: Investigating the Late Prehistoric in Pennsylvania

Organizers

Lisa Dugas and Sarah Neusius

Chair

Lisa Dugas

Participants

• Seth Mitchell: “New Insights into the Johnston Phase: Ceramic Attributes of the Johnston Site Assemblage”
  
• Thomas Wambach: “Firing Techniques and Their Effects on Susquehannock Ceramic Vessels”
  
  Thomas Wambaugh at the SAA poster session
• Jordan Galentine: “Analysis of Ceramic Temper and Vessel Lip Characteristics from the Crooked Creek Watershed”
  
• Sarah Neusius and Beverly Chiarulli: “Exploring the Occupational History of the Johnston Site”
  
• David Kroskie: “The Role of Small Habitation Sites in Monongahela Subsistence-Settlement”
  
• Sean Martorelli: “Monongahela Mystery: Applying Use Pattern Analysis to Mononghaela Village Sites”
  

• Lisa Dugas: “Searching for Social Identity in Monongahela Bone and Shell Artifacts”
  

One of the major events of the society’s annual meeting is the Ethics Bowl, in which graduate students from universities around the country debate ethical situations they may encounter in their careers.

Members of the 2011 Ethics Bowl team (from left): Dr. Ben Ford, coach, Sara Rubino (alternate), Jonathan Libbon, Andrea Boon, Angela Jaillet (captain), Eric Ptak, and Kristin Swanton

The team members were first- and second-year students in the M.A. in Applied Archaeology program, including Angela Jaillet, captain, Jonathan Libbon, and Kristin Swanton, plus members of the 2010 team and also Andrea Boon, Eric Ptak, and alternate Sara Rubino from the 2012 cohort.

Dr. Ben Ford, faculty member in the Anthropology Department, is the team coach.

Angela, Jonathan, and Kristin were members of the department’s first team, which competed in 2010.

During the competition, the IUP group defeated teams from the University of Alaska in the first round and the University of California–Berkeley in the second round. During each round, one team first presents a position to a ethical dilema which an archaeologist might face. The other team then responds with counter arguments.

Faculty members attending the conference include Drs. Sarah Neusius, Ben Ford, and Beverly Chiarulli.

The department is still accepting applications into the program for the Fall 2011 semester.

Beverly Chiarulli and Lisa Dugas at the MAAC Lithic Workshop

Beverly Chiarulli participated in a lithic workshop and poster session with a poster and display of western Pennsylvania raw material types. Her poster was titled “The Late Prehistoric Patterns of Raw Material Exploitation in Western Pennsylvania.”

The Prehistoric Lithic Technology Workshop provided a chance for conference attendees to examine a wide variety of source materials from the Middle Atlantic region, as well as look at experimental flint knapping.

Dr. Chiarulli also presented a paper co-authored with Dr. Sarah Neusius titled “Late Woodland Sites, Sensitivity Models and Geophysical Investigations in Western Pennsylvania” in a session dedicated to the memory of Kristen A. Beckman. For almost thirty years, the late Dr. Kristen A. Beckman, of Skelly and Loy, Inc., was a practicing professional archaeologist in the Mid-Atlantic Region. This memorial session was presented in order to honor her contributions to cultural resource management. Dr. Beckman and other members of the Skelly Cultural Resource Group worked with IUP Archaeological Services and John Milner Associates on the Transportation Enhancement-funded Investigation of Late Woodland villages in three watersheds in Pennsylvania.

Lisa Dugas presenting at the MAAC conference

Lisa Dugas presented a paper titled “Prehistoric Archaeology and Landscapes in Southern Maryland” on research conducted in her work with GAI Consulatants, co-authored by David Cremeens, GAI Consultants, Inc., and Jonathan Lothrop of the New York State Museum. Lisa is completing her second year in the M.A. in Applied Archaeology program in the Anthropology Department.

Her talk, entitled “Bones, Antlers, Scales, and Shells: What Can We Learn from Western Pennsylvania Archaeological Fauna?” described some of the analysis she and her students have been doing of animal remains recovered from a series of sites concerning subsistence and use of bone for tools.

Have you ever wondered what it would be like to participate in an archaeological excavation? If so, you can register for the Anthropology Department's six-week Archaeological Field School this summer.

The six-week field school will start at the beginning of the Summer II term and end one week after the term ends. The graduate and undergraduate sections will be concurrent. No experience is required for ANTH 320/520, which can be taken for undergraduate or graduate credit. Junior or senior undergraduates can apply to take the course for graduate credit. ANTH 740, the advanced field school, is limited to graduate students with previous experience.  

Historic Hanna’s Town in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, founded in 1773, was the first English court west of the Allegheny Mountains and, for a time, vied with Pittsburgh for regional dominance. In 1782 the town was destroyed by a combined British/Native American force and, by the early nineteenth century, the site was abandoned, leaving a unique single-generation glimpse of eighteenth-century life in Western Pennsylvania and the Northwest Territory.

Contact the Anthropology Department for an application. All registrations are by instructor permission only. Applications are due no later than March 18.

Courses

ANTH 320/520 Archaeological Field School (6 credits)

An introduction to archaeological survey, field excavation, and laboratory processing. Required for all Archaeology Track students or graduate students without significant field experience, can be taken by any undergraduate or graduate student interested in archaeology.

ANTH 740 Advanced Archaeological Field Methods (6 credits)

Advanced instruction in survey and excavation field methods and technology, with an emphasis on the application of research designs to field settings, and the logistics of supervising field projects.

Cost: Six credits, either graduate or undergraduate, at the IUP Summer rate. Housing may be available through the IUP Office of Housing and Residence Life or can be obtained individually.

For additional information, contact Dr. Ben Ford, nywq@iup.edu, or Dr. Beverly Chiarulli, bevc@iup.edu.

His presentation, titled “CRM: The Career,” will discuss different types of careers in cultural resource management, pay scales for these various careers, and how to tailor your resume to land these jobs.

This presentation is geared for both undergraduate and graduate students that have limited experience in CRM or would like to explore new career opportunities in this wide-ranging discipline.

This event will be a potluck, so bring your favorite dish to pass around.

Department of Anthropology

The poster, “Developing GIS-Based Predictive Models and Treatment Plans for Late Woodland Sites in Pennsylvania,” presented the results of a three-year research project funded by Transportation Enhancement funds.

The poster describes a project designed to develop predictive models and treatment plans for the discovery and investigation of Late Woodland prehistoric sites (A.D. 800–1600) in watersheds from three physiographic provinces across the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.

Late Woodland sites typically are the most complicated archaeological sites encountered during the planning and construction of transportation projects and can seriously impact construction schedules and budgets.

In September 2007, IUP Archaeological Services (AS) and its partners, John Milner Associates (JMA) and Skelly and Loy, Inc. (S&L), were awarded a contract to develop predictive models and treatment plans for the investigation of the Conemaugh watershed in western Pennsylvania (AS), the Bald Eagle Watershed in central Pennsylvania (S&L), and the Brandywine Watershed in the eastern part of the state (JMA).

Dr. Barbara Gundy of Skelly and Loy collaborated on the poster, which was part of a session organized by TRB Committee ADC50: Archaeology and Historic Preservation. In addition to the presentation in Washington, the poster is included in the TRB Online Annual Meeting Compendium of Papers.

The Transportation Research Board is one of six major divisions of the National Research Council—a private, nonprofit institution that is the principal operating agency of the National Academies in providing services to the government, the public, and the scientific and engineering communities. More than 4,000 papers are presented at the annual meeting related to all types of research related to transportation issues.

They were joined by Dr. Ben Ford, Amy Salsgiver (IUP Archaeological Services), and Pamella Chamberlain-Clouser, an IUP Anthropology undergraduate.

Angela Jaillet, who won the Society for Historical Archaeology Student Travel Award, presented a paper entitled “Crossroads of the Past and Present at Pandenarium (36ME253): Historical and Archaeological Investigations of an Antebellum African American Freed Settlement in Mercer County, Pennsylvania.”

Other presenters at the meeting included:

Jonathan Libbon, who spoke about “Identity and Work: Archaeological Investigations at a Civilian Conservation Corps Camp in the Allegheny National Forest”

Jeff Meyer who presented “The Many Cultural Boundaries and Crossroads at Fort Necessity: Public Archaeology in a Dynamic National Park”

Kristin Swanton who presented her research “The Battle Has Ended, Yet the War Continues: How Contemporary Perspectives of the Pequot War have Impacted Archaeological Research”

Additionally, Amy Salsgiver, a Geography graduate student and IUP Archaeological Services employee, presented “Coal Culture: Discovering Heritage Through Ethnography and Archaeology.”

All five papers were well received and provided the students with excellent networking opportunities.

Dr. Ben Ford presented “Virtual Archaeology,” written by Beverly Chiarulli, Marion Smeltzer, Sarah Neusius, and Robert Moore, as part of a session he cochaired on behalf of the SHA Technology Committee. The all-day session, entitled “Crossing Boundaries with Technology: State of the Art Tools for Terrestrial and Marine Archaeologists,” was well attended.

Dr. Ford also sat on the Advisory Council on Underwater Archaeology/Academic and Professional Training Committee Combined Student Forum: Old World, New World, Real World, which dealt with the realities of transitioning from academic training to jobs in archaeology.

Applications are reviewed on a rolling basis, but must be submitted prior to March 15 for students to be considered for graduate assistantships.

Applications for admission and assistantships are different processes and require separate submissions. For more information, contact Dr. Phillip Neusius (Phillip.Neusius@iup.edu), chair of the Anthropology Department and graduate coordinator.

A Korean documentary crew from SBS Korea was on the IUP campus in December 2010 interviewing Dr. Laurence Kruckman, IUP anthropologist, and Carolyn White, perinatal nurse educator from Indiana Regional Medical Center (IRMC), for a two-part series on birth and the postpartum for an Asian market 60 Minutes-like program.

SBS is a major network in Asia. The show has a following of 47 million viewers; by comparison, CBS’s 60 Minutes has an average audience of 15-20 million. The two-part special, “The Secret of the Postpartum,” is scheduled for air time this winter and later in other parts of Asia.

At right: SBS producer and film crew plus Kruckman and White

The series’ producers and writers, Sunah Kim and Lee Jinju, were interested in the work of Kruckman and White in establishing postpartum support groups and the support group model that they initiated and facilitated at IRMC. That preventive model has been used in many locations in the U.S., including Pittsburgh, and international settings such as Israel. The couple was also asked to discuss the history and role of Postpartum Support International (PSI) as a major provider of support training, certification, and curriculum design in the U.S. and worldwide.

Kruckman and IRMC had been given a national award back in 2000 for their pioneering preventative support series for new mothers and fathers. Kruckman was a founding member of PSI and was president for some time.

White, a graduate of the University of Maryland School of Nursing, was also interviewed for her role as a Pennsylvania state coordinator for PSI. Mothers can go to the PSI website and find support services available in each state and country. Mothers can also contact a PSI state coordinator for help and advice.

The video interview segment also includes footage of Indiana, including Philadelphia Street, Sutton Hall, the IUP Oak Grove, and McElhaney Hall.

Korea is apparently experiencing a rise in postpartum mood disorders, suicides, and infanticides. The SBS team is filming in many countries. After interviewing at IUP, they moved on to Guatemala to film a rural birth with a midwife and related support services.

The seriousness of postpartum illness is not news, but with this documentary, SBS Korea is increasing global awareness of the need for new-mother social support during this vulnerable time, a position that Kruckman has advocated since 1977.

Department of Anthropology

Dr. Poole’s paper, “Ransoms, Remittances, and Refugees: Rethinking the Gatekeeper State in Eritrea,” was presented in a session she co-organized called “Gatekeeping on a Neoliberal Terrain: Controlling New Forms of Circulation in Postcolonial Africa.” Her paper draws from ethnographic research on refugee resettlement to explore new configurations of power and belonging in the Eritrean gatekeeper state. The gatekeeper state weakly penetrates rural society, primarily through vertical relationships of political patronage. While they control the major circulation of citizens, funds, and resources, these states are potentially threatened by socio-economic networks that operate outside the range of state control—within and across national borders.

Dr. Poole’s paper examined the micropolitics of gatekeeping in Eritrea, particularly around the circulation of citizens via legal and illegal emigration and the capture of ransoms and remittances from those who leave. The escape of citizens from Eritrea and the remittances sent home to families in rural areas have potentially been a source of challenge to state authority. However, this paper argues that the Eritrean state has developed new strategies of gate-keeping that operate in and through porous borders, transnational kinship networks, and the aspirations of citizens to escape civil service as state agents themselves.

Dr. Chiarulli’s paper, “Circulating Archaeology to a Virtual Audience,” was part of a session titled “Your Mission: To Circulate Anthropology To A Wider Audience.” The paper described the work that she and IUP colleagues Drs. Scott Moore, Sarah Neusius, and Ben Ford and graduate student Marion Smeltzer have done to create “IUP Archaeology Island” in Second Life.

Virtual worlds have become a new venue for public outreach as well as university education. As part of an IUP initiative to explore virtual learning, IUP Archaeology Island was created in 2007. This virtual world contains recreations of archaeological sites in Belize, Cyprus, Pennsylvania, and an underwater site focused on a shipwreck in Lake Ontario, all based on archaeological data. Through a program of guided tours, discussion sessions, and interactive technologies, the site has become a venue for archaeological education for IUP students as well as the broader virtual community. Students can explore the sites, examine artifacts, and even discover some of the technologies used by archaeologists in their research.

However, for a virtual world to be vibrant, it needs more than the recreations. It needs to be interactive and to provide “live” content. Events, including guided tours and discussion groups, can provide that content and have begun to turn the island into a community of Second Life archaeologist avatars. In addition, the island can become a resource for undergraduate courses in which students explore the different archaeological sites, combine their exploration of the site with explanatory graphics and notes, and complete quizzes testing their knowledge. Take a video tour of IUP Archaeology Island.

Anthropology Department Chair Dr. Phillip Neusius and Drs. Sarah Neusius and Chiarulli also participated in the AAA Graduate Program Expo, through which they were able to publicize the Anthropology Department M.A. in Applied Archaeology.

The award will help Angela travel to the annual SHA conference in Austin, Texas, to present her thesis research on the nineteenth-century freed African-American community of Pandenarium, in Mercer County, Pennsylvania.

In 1837, Dr. Charles Everett, a wealthy physician and plantation owner, decided that upon his death he wished to free the slaves on his Albemarle County, Virginia, plantation. Having decided upon this course of action, Everett began to plan for the future safety of freed men and women. Dr. Everett contacted his nephew, Dr. Cutlip Everett, a Philadelphia physician, to make arrangements for the venture, which included the purchase of land in Mercer County. The elder Dr. Everett died in 1848, before he could see his vision come to fruition.

On November 12, 1854, approximately sixty freed African-Americans arrived at Pandenarium to find twenty-four completed houses. Each family received a deed for two acres of agricultural land and a purse of $1,000. In 1855, an act of legislature by the Pennsylvania senate (1855: Act No. 324) listed many of the Pandenarium residents by name and provided for the legal rights of the manumitted slaves from Everett’s estate, their children, and their grandchildren, so as to eliminate any and all questions regarding their legitimacy as residents.

By the late nineteenth century, much of the former community and its descendants moved to the nearby residential, urban settings of Mercer and Sharon. Within the first few years of the twentieth century, Pandenarium ceased to exist as a settlement and reverted to agricultural fields. In her research, Jaillet has located evidence of the community through archaeological and geophysical investigations.

The Ed and Judy Jelks Student Travel Fund provides, on a competitive basis, one or more cash awards to defray travel costs of graduate students participating in annual meetings of the Society for Historical Archaeology. To be considered for an award, each applicant must be a current member of SHA and actively enrolled in a graduate degree program at a college or university. Awardees are expected to present results of their research during a general session, symposium, or poster session at the SHA annual meeting.

The project was originally funded by a Provost Innovation Fund Award received by Dr. Beverly Chiarulli (Anthropology) and Dr. Scott Moore (History). Other collaborators in the project have included Dr. Sarah Neusius and Dr. Ben Ford, both members of the Anthropology Department. Anthropology Department graduate student Marion Smeltzer redesigned and expanded the exhibits on the island during the past year and has held lectures and discussion groups on the island.

The award was presented to him in Pittsburgh at PSI’s twenty-ninth annual conference, cosponsored with the European-based Marce Society. The joint conference is the largest meeting of psychiatrists, psychologists, obstetricians, nurses, social workers, social scientists, family stakeholders, and others dedicated to the treatment and prevention of postpartum mood disorder.

In her introductory remarks, current PSI president Dr. Lucy Puryear stated that “Dr. Kruckman created the original PSI website, and was wise enough to create ownership of that domain name for PSI back in 1996. Last year, Larry and his wife, Carolyn White, generously donated the domain names of postpartum.net and postpartum.com to PSI.”

In giving this award, Bob and Mary Ellen Logan, the award benefactors, said, “Dr. Kruckman, we give our heartfelt thanks for your tireless dedication to mothers and families and to Postpartum Support International.”

Dr. Puryear concluded, “The rest of us at PSI join the Logans in their appreciation and respect.”

The Logans say that they still chuckle at a question asked at an early board meeting in 1996 in Santa Barbara, California. The serious question was: “How does the use of a website further the PSI mission?” Over the years, Larry worked with more than thirty students and various faculty members at Indiana University of Pennsylvania, and he personally gave an impressive number of hours a week creating and maintaining the PSI website from 1996 until just recently. More recently, he was a collaborator with the National Institute of Mental Health in creating the NIMH postpartum website. During the Andrea Yates tragedy, as acting president of PSI, he served as one of the important spokespersons with the media.

Dr. Kruckman has also helped pioneer the role of social support as prevention. His 2000 research article, “Reinventing Fatherhood,” was one of the first large studies on the role of fathers in the postpartum period. Many of the ideas utilized today for postpartum prevention were stimulated by his ethnographic field research on birth rituals in South America and Micronesia. He has contributed book chapters and research articles which have appeared in many journals, including Social Science and Medicine.

Dr. Kruckman was acting president of PSI and served on the PSI board from 1996 to 2004. He is now a member of the PSI President’s Advisory Council and is currently a professor of Anthropology at Indiana University of Pennsylvania. Prior to joining IUP, he was a NIMH postdoctoral fellow in public health and epidemiology at the University of Illinois Medical Center in Chicago. Since that time, Larry and Carolyn have been dedicated to the health and well being of mothers and babies.

Past award recipients have included former Governor of New Jersey Richard Cody and former First Lady Mary Jo Codey for their pioneering work on promoting postpartum screening throughout their state, and Brooke Shields for her fund raising and awareness raising book, Down Came the Rain.

Current students who wish to apply for assistantships should also apply by the March 15, 2011, deadline. Assistantships are awarded for one year. All students, including those who currently have assistantships, are eligible to apply.

For more information, contact Dr. Phillip Neusius, graduate coordinator and chair of the Anthropology Department, at phillip.neusius@iup.edu, or contact the IUP School of Graduate Studies and Research.

Her paper, entitled “Power, Agency, and ‘Choice’ Ideology,” was part of a panel on body politics.

Adovasio, the site’s principal excavator, spoke about the significance of the site as well as the methods used to excavate it, before leading tours of the rockshelter.

Department of Anthropology

Please join us for an informative week concerning Marcelus shale and you!

For a complete schedule, updates, and room locations, visit the IUP Marcellus Shale Week website.

Department of Anthropology

The conference will focus on the historical, social-environmental, legal, political, and health issues related to natural gas extraction from the Marcellus Shale. All programs are free and open to students, faculty, and the public. The conference will include speakers and panelists from Indiana University of Pennsylvania, Penn State University, Duquesne University, SUNY–Oneonta, and the University of Pittsburgh. In addition, Rep. Dave Reed, 62nd Legislative District, will also be on a panel, as well as John Baillie, senior attorney for PennFuture. Both will address land use rights related to “pooling.”

The keynote address is by Dr. Ron Bishop, a biochemist, on Thursday evening, November 4, at 7:00 p.m. in Eberly Auditorium. Dr. Bishop will discuss Marcellus Shale technology and its social and cultural impact. He will also compare gas drilling policy in Pennsylvania and other states.

In addition, at 3:30 p.m. on Thursday, November 4, over thirty IUP students from a dozen departments will present panels, papers, and posters in the Monongahela Room in the HUB. Students from across disciplines have helped plan the conference, with additional support from the IUP chapter of the National Society of Professional Journalists, the American Society of Safety Engineers student chapter, the IUP honor society (Rho Sigma Kappa) within the Safety Sciences Department, and the Indiana County League of Women Voters.

Other sessions include one on Thursday morning in the HUB Ohio Room, in which speakers will address Pennsylvania resource extraction from an historical perspective, including the impact of logging and early gas extraction. Scholars will focus on land use rights and whether or not neighbors can force others to allow drilling on their land; gas field operations and possible air pollution; the microbiology of drilling deep shafts; and the potential impact on water quality. Additional sessions will explore fracking and how to track well drilling activity near your property.

On Wednesday night (November 3, 2010), a controversial documentary, Gasland (a 2010 Sundance Film Festival award winner by Josh Fox) will be shown in Eberly Auditorium at 7:00 p.m., followed by a panel discussion.

For a complete schedule, updates, and room locations, visit the IUP Marcellus Shale Week website.

Undergraduates in the Archaeology Track and graduate students in the M.A. in Applied Archaeology program participated in the field school.

The excavations are directed by Drs. Sarah Neusius and Beverly Chiarulli. This was the third season that excavations have been conducted at this site.

The investigation is part of a long-term research project, “The IUP Late Prehistoric Project.” Since 2000, sites in northern and southern Indiana County have been investigated. A major focus has been the recovery of corn, beans, squash, and tobacco, which have been used to date the sites to A.D. 1300–1450.

Department of Anthropology

Anthropology Department faculty members Beverly Chiarulli, Sarah Neusius, and Ben Ford, Scott Moore (History Department), and Marion Smeltzer, graduate student in the M.A. in Applied Archaeology program, wrote the article. Anthropology News is a monthly publication of the American Anthropological Association.

“Public Archaeology in Virtual Worlds” describes an initiative at by IUP’s Anthropology and History departments to establish a presence in Linden Lab’s virtual environment Second Life. Archaeology Island contains recreations of archaeological sites in Belize, Cyprus, and Pennsylvania and an underwater site recreating a shipwreck in Lake Ontario, all based on archaeological data. Through a program of guided tours, discussion sessions, and interactive technologies, the site has become a venue for archaeological education for IUP students as well as the broader virtual community.

The development of Archaeology Island has been funded through an IUP Provosts' Academic Excellence and Innovation Award (2007). The IUP Department of Communication Media, and especially Allen Partridge and his students in the Applied Media and Simulation Games Center, provided technical assistance during the first year of the project.

For more information, visit Archaeology Island in Second Life.

For more information about IUP’s presence in Second Life, see an article published in the online version of IUP Magazine.

The funding will cover the 2010–2011 and 2011–2012 academic years.

The PennDot Curation Project is designed to prepare collections of artifacts recovered from PennDot archaeological investigations generally conducted during the 1980s for permanent storage (curation) at the Pennsylvania State Museum in Harrisburg.

The training the students receive working on the project provides them with experience in curating artifact collections, and prepares them for employment with museums or consulting firms after graduation. During the past seven years, more than 350,000 artifacts have been transferred to the Pennsylvania State Museum.

Department of Anthropology

• Christina Samuels lived in Accra, Ghana, in eastern Africa as part of Intern Africa. She acted as editor of business plans and grant applications and worked with this organization to research and assist women in microfinance operations.
• Eric Franko spent the Spring semester at Shanghai Normal University to research the influence of Western medicine on Chinese culture.
• Hélène Hurrey was an intern with the Institute for Women’s Policy Research in Washington, D.C., where, among other tasks, she attended federal briefings and researched the aftermath of Katrina on housing.
• This summer, Kerianne Mahoney and Vince Merringer travelled to Northern Brazil to work with the Kayapo Tribe through the University of Maryland's renowned program on Environmental Conservation and Indigenous Peoples. They worked in a remote Kayapo village in the Xingu Park.
• Jordan Galentine participated in the British Archeology Summer School at the Corpus Christi campus at Cambridge on Celtic Archeology.
• Jamie Mead interned this summer in Seattle with World Relief Seattle, assisting in the resettlement of refugees from the Middle East.
• Chelsea McDonnell interned in New York City assisting in the development of website design and content for MedEd, a National Institutes of Health subcontractor.
• Natalie Schaefer attended Humboldt State University as part of the National Student Exchange in anthropology and journalism.
• Christina Parise interned at the Heinz History Center in the museum collections division.
• Sarah Williams attended the Archeology Field School, completing survey research at the Vermillion Cliffs National Monument in Arizona.
• Tabitha Reefer interned with the Pittsburgh AIDS Task Force. She worked with their Intervention and Empowerment Project, and was involved with program planning, social epidemiology, and research statistics.

This truly impressive list is a testament to the quality of students we have here in the department and the many important directions in which they are taking their anthropology degrees.

This course is geared toward anthropologists who are researching contemporary issues in biocultural diversity, and will address the approaches, methods, and analyses used in ethnoecology.

One aspect of the project has been to investigate the use of geophysical instrumentation at both historic and pre-European sites. Instruments used in the investigations included ground penetrating radar, magnetic susceptibility meters, and the GSSI profiler. The use of these instruments has guided the project in the location of test excavations and aided in our interpretation of landscape and cultural features.

IUP students have benefited as well by gaining experience in the use and interpretation of these data.

The paper discussed his research on littoral environments. These are never static; water rises and falls, transportation networks open and close, and resources come and go on daily, seasonal, and longer time scales. The perception of these changes also shifts with time and variations in culture. Perceptions of less mutable features of the Lake Ontario shore (e.g., the international boundary and the threat of storms) have shifted with time as well.

How maritime cultures perceived both change and continuity affected their interactions with the shore environment and the substance of the archaeological record. Data for this analysis was drawn from a combined terrestrial and maritime archaeological survey.

This forum focused on the topic of shifts in the meaning and function of artifacts over time in East Asia. The participants recognize the need to incorporate into the study of past societies in East Asia varied theoretical and comparative approaches that have to date been mostly ignored by scholars of this large region. The forum therefore served as an ideal setting for a discussion of the strengths and limitations of such approaches, as well as their applicability to each participant’s research topic. It is planned that the forum will lead to an edited volume on the topic.

Dr. Neusius is chair of the SAA Committee on Curriculum. The session contained nine posters on archaeology undergraduate programs in universities around the country.

Graduate student presentors included Angela Jaillet, “Dealing with Dirt and Doubt: Archaeology Outreach in Agricultural Education;” Amy Salsgiver and Kristin Swanton, “Educating the Educators: Introducing Sensitive Issues Through Archaeology;” Jonathan Libbon, “Geophysical Investigations Along the Allegheny Portage Railroad;” and undergraduate Meghen Pace, “Ground Penetrating Radar Investigations of Memorial Park, Indiana County.” Seth Mitchell also presented a paper, “One Project, Over 60 Eligible Sites: No Problems?” in one of the two sessions he organized. The sessions were “Archaeology of the Rockies Express Pipeline Project Missouri and Illinois” and “Archaeology of the Rockies Express Pipeline Project Indiana and Ohio.”

Five graduate students also participated in the Ethics Bowl. The IUP team included Lisa Dugas, Angela Jaillet, Jonathan Libbon, Seth Mitchell, and Kristin Swanton. Although they lost in the first round to a team from the University of California at Berkeley, they represented IUP well.

Neusius presented “Animal Use at Monongahela Sites: New Data and New Insights,” while Chiarulli presented “Late Prehistoric Settlement in the Central Allegheny Valley.”

The two students are in the M.A. in Applied Archaeology program. Jaillet’s paper was titled “Leaving a Legacy in the Image of an Industry: Pioneers of the Early Oil Industry,” while Dugas presented “Secrets from Chinatown: Chinese Diaspora in Pittsburgh.”

The session, “Health in the Context of Mexican Migration, Transnationalism, and Culture Change,” was part of the seventieth annual meeting of the Society for Applied Anthropology, taking place in Merida, Yucatan, Mexico.

In addition, Garcia organized and chaired a panel titled “Teaching Ethnographic Methods: Student Health Projects of Understudied Populations in Western Pennsylvania.”

Current and past IUP Anthropology students delivered research papers in the session. They included Kerrianne Mahoney, a senior in the Department of Anthropology, who presented “A Sober Look at Birth;” Amy Salsgiver, an M.A. candidate in the Department of Geography and Regional Planning and an Anthropology alumna, who presented “Surviving Rural Pennsylvania: The Use of Social Networks in Family Sustainability;” and Carina Heckert, doctoral student in medical anthropology at Southern Methodist University and an Anthropology and Sociology alumna, who presented “Latina Immigrants in Rural Western Pennsylvania and the Use of Mental Health Resources: Implications for Practice.”

The poster was developed for a session titled “Current Issues in Transportation and the Environment,” organized by the Committee on Archaeology and Historic Preservation.

The TRB Annual Meeting program covers all transportation modes, with more than three thousand presentations in nearly six hundred sessions addressing topics of interest to all attendees who include policy makers, administrators, practitioners, researchers, and representatives of government, industry, and academic institutions. The spotlight theme for 2010 was “Investing in Our Transportation Future—BOLD Ideas to Meet BIG Challenges.”

TRB is one of the six major divisions of the National Research Council—a private, nonprofit institution that is the principal operating agency of the National Academies in providing services to the government, the public, and the scientific and engineering communities.

The National Research Council is jointly administered by the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine.

The awards of $100 for each student were presented by the Society for Pennsylvania Archaeology and the Pennsylvania Archaeological Council.

The students will present papers on their research during a session on Sunday morning.

Angie’s paper is titled “Leaving a Legacy in the Image of an Industry: Pioneers of the Early Oil Industry,” while Lisa’s is titled “Secrets from Chinatown: Chinese Diaspora in Pittsburgh.”

The scholarships honor the memory of Pennsylvania archaeologist and scholar Dr. James W. Hatch, professor of anthropology at Penn State.

The paper was presented in a session that she chaired, “Community-Based Approaches Addressing Food Insecurity and Nutrition.”

Dr. Cooper joined the Anthropology Department in 2009 as an assistant professor after completing her graduate work at the University of South Florida, where she earned a Ph.D. in Applied Anthropology and a master’s degree in public health. She has conducted research in Malaysia.

The Society for Applied Anthropology meetings were held March 24–27, 2010.

This presentation has been recently selected by the New Jersey Department of Health hosted on the Perinatal Mood Disorders section of their website as a training session for healthcare professionals. Courses/credit will be available to all healthcare professionals, and over 10,000 health providers are expected to register over the next year.

The site has two objectives: first, to further the education of primary care providers (pediatricians, family physicians, obstetricians, psychiatrists, nurses, physician's assistants, nurse practitioners, nurse midwives, social workers) who treat women who have or are at risk for postpartum depression (PPD); and second, to provide information for women with PPD and family members.

This site was developed in part under guidance provided by Dr. Kruckman and has been utilized by over 300,000 visitors since being launched in January 2007.

The fieldschool is required for all undergraduate Anthropology–Archaeology Track majors, but is also open to all Anthropology majors and other interested students. There is no prerequisite.

The undergraduate Archaeological Fieldschool (Anth 320) begins on May 24, 2010, a week before the start of Summer 1 and ends on July 2, 2010. The fieldschool is for six credits and meets five days (Monday through Friday) each week. Students should arrange housing in Indiana and will meet each morning in McElhaney G-2 before going to the field site as a group. Transportation will be provided. Two graduate courses are offered.

Anthropology 581 is the Basic Fieldschool for graduate students. It is scheduled to meet from May 17 to June 11, 2010. A second course, Anthropology 720 Advanced Archaeological Field Methods, is scheduled to meet from June 14 to July 9, 2010. Graduate students can register for one or both of the courses, although prior field experience is required to register for the Advanced Field Methods Course. Both the undergraduate and graduate fieldschools will meet from 8:00 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. each class day.

For more information, contact Drs. Sarah Neusius (sawn@iup.edu) or Beverly Chiarulli (bevc@iup.edu). Applications are available in the Anthropology Department in McElhaney G-1.

Faculty presentations included Dr. Amanda Poole discussing opportunities in the Peace Corps, Dr. Elizabeth Cooper on how to market your Anthropology degree, Dr. Sarah Neusius on opportunities in the Student Conservation Association (SCA), Dr. Francis Allard on the process for applying to Ph.D. graduate programs, Dr. Ben Ford on the advantages of attending M.A. degree programs, Dr. Beverly Chiarulli on finding employment in Cultural Resource Management, and three students in the M.A. in Applied Archaeology program discussing their employment experiences after getting their undergraduate degrees. The student presenters were Kristin Swanton on her experience working for several federal agencies, including the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and Department of Defense; Jonathan Libbon on working for the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service and several private consulting firms; and Seth Mitchell on his experience as a manager at a firm hiring graduates for field projects.

The event was organized by Kerianne Mahoney and the other officers of the Anthropology Club. It also featured snacks and an opportunity to sign up for the newly designed Anthro Club T-Shirt. The next Anthro Club event will feature a program about studies of gorilla behavior. Watch for more details.

The students included undergraduate students Robin Matty, Ashley Shelton, Michele Troutman, Jessica Devlin, Christine Schlosser, and Victoria Gregg and graduate students Donna Smith and Amy Salsgiver. During the eight-day trip, the group visited Altun Ha, Cerros, Lamanai, La Milpa, Caracol, Cahal Pech, Xununtunich, and the Belize Zoo and tubed through Caves Branch Cave. At the Belize Zoo, Christine and Robin organized a close encounter with Junior, a three-year-old jaguar, from the safe confines of a large cage (for the students, not the jaguar). We patted his paws and back and had a few “jaguar kisses,” which involved us putting our hands on the keeper's forehead as Junior took a lick.

During the night walk in the Programme for Belize research station, we saw leaf cutter ants, army ants on the move, scorpion spiders, and several species of lizards, frogs, and toads. We also saw the reflections of dozens of wolf spider eyes in the grass and one set of crocodile eyes in a pond reflecting the light from our flashlights.

Above: Donna Smith, Michele Troutman, Jessica Devlin, Christine Schlosser, Amy Salsgiver, Robin Matty, Ashley Shelton, and Victoria Gregg at Lamanai

The Maya sites included the three largest sites in Belize—Caracol, Lamanai, and La Milpa—and ranged in age from the Late Preclassic (200 B.C. to A.D. 100) through the Late Classic (A.D. 700–900). The Maya are indigenous people who today live in Belize, southern Mexico, Guatemala, and Honduras. While many Maya sites were abandoned between A.D. 900–1000, others like Lamanai were still occupied when the Spanish arrived in the sixteenth century. Millions of Maya people still live in this region today.

This was the third time that Dr. Chiarulli has taken students on tours of Belize during Spring Break. Students have also participated in summer field projects with her at the archaeological sites of Chau Hiix and Maax Na.

The theme of the 107th Middle States Regional Conference was Learning from the Past and Living for the Future. Smeltzer provided teachers with materials developed by the Pennsylvania Archaeological Council and the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, including examples of lesson plans, bookmarks, and brochures.

Besides her graduate studies, Smeltzer is president of the Indiana County Archaeological Society, which meets monthly at the Indiana County Historical Society.

Marion Smeltzer at the Middle States Regional Conference

Another Anthropology student featured on the Get My Story site is Qiana Lightner, a Robert E. Cook Honors College student who graduated in 2009 with degrees in Anthropology and Sociology. In addition, former Anthropology faculty member Dr. Miriam Chaiken is also profiled.

The purpose of the event is to foster discussion about issues that face practicing archaeologists and to bring graduate students together in a collegial competition. The IUP team, consisting of Angela Jaillet (captain), Lisa Dugas, Jonathan Libbon, Seth Mitchell, and Kristin Swanton, is currently preparing for the event through weekly practices.

Her presentation, “The Monongahela and Their Neighbors,” discussed recent research on two Late Prehistoric villages in Indiana County.

The two villages, located in southern Indiana county, have enhanced our understanding of the period from A.D. 1000–1500.

The final program will be available to mothers in Illinois, New Mexico, Texas, and Oklahoma as part of the BC/BS Health Care Service Organization.

Previously Dr. Kruckman has researched birth and postpartum health and assisted, along with IUP anthropology majors, in designing website content for Postpartum Support International and the National Institute of Health.

The Department of Anthropology will have a very few assistantships for the next academic year. If you have an assistantship this year, you must reapply if you will still need funding next year. The deadline for these applications is March 15, 2010. For details please consult Graduate Assistantships.

Besides these formal internships, there may be assistantships and jobs available through IUP Archaeological Services next year. Dr. Chiarulli, director of Archaeological Services, will be coordinating any of these opportunities.

The article results from his recent research in Mexico.

Department of Anthropology

Dr. Elizabeth Cooper presented the paper “Applying FANTA’s Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) within Rural Malay Communities” in the session “Addressing the Issues of Food Availability and Access: A Critical Role for Anthropology.”

Dr. Amanda Poole presented “Communities of Conflict in Eritrea: The Re-Migration of Return Refugees" in the panel “Citizenship in the ‘Margins of the State’: Violence, Borders, and Belonging.”

Dr. Victor Garcia presented a coauthored paper titled “Protecting the Vulnerable: Transnational Migrants and Human Subject Protocol Reviews in Mexico” in a session on “Ethnographic Research and Partnerships in Ethnographic Research and Partnerships in Developing Human Subject Protections in Transnational Settings” that he organized and chaired.

Dr. Beverly Chiarulli, chair of the Anthropology Education Committee, organized two sessions for the committee. She chaired and presented a poster titled “Resources for Teachers from the AAA Anthropology Education Committee” in the session “Teaching Anthropology: Examples from the K-14 World (The Poster Session)” and organized a second session, “Teaching Anthropology in the K-14 World: Practical Advice for Creating Lesson Plans.”

In addition, Dr. Phillip Neusius represented the department at the AAA Graduate Student Fair, where he met students interested in applying to the M.A. in Applied Archaeology program.

The session, part of a four-day conference in Jacksonville, Fla., included papers on ship graveyards, coastal trade, coastal fortifications, cultural landscapes, and maritime heritage. Ford’s contribution, “Lake and Land during the American Revolution: Integrated Terrestrial and Underwater Archaeology of Carleton Island, Lake Ontario,” dealt with the British use of Carleton Island as a fort and shipyard to control Lake Ontario and much of the American interior.

He also published a chapter in a new book, Social Complexity in Prehistoric Eurasia. Monuments, Metals and Mobility, edited by Bryan Hanks and Katheryn Linduff, pp. 323- 329. Cambridge (UK): Cambridge University Press. His contribution is titled “Introduction to Section ‘Social Power, Monumentality, and Mobility’.”

Drs. Chiarulli and Neusius presented a paper titled “The Monongahela and Their Neighbors to the North: Implications from the IUP Late Prehistoric Project.”

David presented a paper at the same conference titled “Locus A: An Examination of Archaeological Remains Recovered from an Early Monongahela Site in Greene County, Pennsylvania.”

Dr. Chiarulli also published a paper titled “Comments on Public Education in the Northeast” in the journal Northeast Anthropology, Vol. 73.

The course is an introduction to the archaeology of Mesoamerica which explores the natural and cultural diversity of the area south of the United States and north of lower Central America. It surveys the history of archaeological research in Mesoamerica and examines some of the specific methods of archaeological research that are unique to Mesoamerican archaelogy. The focus is on three areas—the Gulf Coast and the Olmecs; the Valley of Mexico and its long history of settlement from the Tehuacan Valley through the Aztecs; and the southern Highlands and Lowlands inhabited by the Maya, although other regions of Mesoamerica will also be discussed.

Archaeological Services of Indiana University of Pennsylvania and its partner, America’s Stories, Inc., are conducting a survey of the historic resources in the municipalities of Allegheny, Oilcreek, and Pleasantville, Venanago County. The purpose of the project is to provide an inventory of historic properties to the Venango County Regional Planning Commission (VCRPC) and the host municipalities for consideration in future land use matters, zoning, subdivisions, and/or site-specific activity requiring permits or action by the municipality or VCRPC. The project will also update and expand the information regarding historic resources that is readily available to the host municipalities, VCRPC, the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission (PHMC), the Oil Region Alliance of Business, Industry and Tourism (ORA), and property owners.

This historic resource information will include the initial purpose, current condition, and potential subsequent actions/designations needed to preserve key resources. The proposed survey will also identify resources that have the potential to be nominated to the National Register of Historic Places. The survey will be conducted in a timely and cost effective manner and will produce GIS maps, historic property survey forms, and reports that can be conveniently used by the project partners.

Because there is no deadline for admission, student applications are reviewed on a rolling basis; the deadline for applications for financial aid, including graduate assistantships, is March 15. To apply, complete the on-line or printed application available at How to Apply. For more information, contact Dr. Phillip Neusius (phillip.neusius@iup.edu), chair of the IUP Anthropology Department.

The program includes 36 hours of graduate coursework. All students will take a required common core of 15 credits, 15 credits of electives, and six credits of thesis and/or internship. Graduates with a master’s degree in Applied Archaeology may be employed by a variety of public and private employers. For example, Pennsylvania and the Mid-Atlantic region will need more trained professionals to assist in the growth of the fields of historic preservation and heritage tourism, the most rapidly expanding segment of the tourism industry, Pennsylvania’s second largest industry. The governor, the state legislature, and in particular the General Assembly’s Center for Rural Pennsylvania have long recognized the need to combine research on cultural and historical preservation with tourism. The Pennsylvania House of Representatives and Senate have, in the past, unanimously passed resolutions recognizing the importance of the state’s historic and prehistoric features. A recent House resolution calls for a statewide inventory of historically significant structures.

Tourism has been recognized by the state as an important, in some cases key, economic force, and many state agencies have stated that Pennsylvania should use historic preservation to its economic advantage, improving the state’s economy while also promoting a sense of regional and state pride. For example, Governor Rendell recently launched a cabinet-level task force on the Pennsylvania Wilds to encourage “heritage tourism,” combining officials from the Department of Natural Resources, the Pennsylvania Tourism Office, and other agencies.

For the past three years Dr. Ford has compiled fifteen journal entries on the Museum of Underwater Archaeology website. These entries describe the “what” and “how” of his archaeological findings along the Lake Ontario littoral. The project journal, titled “Lake Ontario Cultural Landscape,” follows the project from planning, through research and fieldwork, to analysis and conclusions in order to give the public a sense of the archaeological process. The current phase of this project recently ended and, with it, the Web journal. The final two entries briefly describe the project conclusions and several avenues for future research.

Dr. Elizabeth Cooper just finished her Ph.D. in Applied Anthropology at the University of South Florida, where she also received a master’s degree in Public Health. Her geographic focus is in Malaysia, and she returned last fall from an extensive period of field work in Borneo supported by a National Science Foundation grant and a U.S. Fulbright Fellowship. Her research interests include nutritional anthropology, health policy, globalization, and cognitive and visual methodologies. She has a recent book chapter on teaching Anthropology with television published in Teaching Strategies in Anthropology, published by Prentice Hall. As one of the two replacements for Drs. Chaiken and Conelly, she will be teaching courses on SE Asia, Applied Anthropology, and Anthropology of Food as well as expanding the curriculum into areas of cognitive and visual anthropology.

Dr. Amanda Poole recently received her Ph.D. in Anthropology from the University of Washington. Her dissertation, “The Power of Place: Refugee Resettlement, Resource Management, and State Making in Lowlands Eritrea,” is based on extensive fieldwork supported by the Social Science Research Council and other fellowships. Her fields of specialization include political ecology, community-based resource management, migration issues, post-conflict development, food security, and cultural and environmental sustainability in the Horn of Africa and coastal Alaska. Most recently, she has been working in Alaska with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s National Marine Fisheries Service to develop programs of sustainability in the Alaskan fishing communities. She will be teaching courses on Africa, Applied Anthropology, and Ecological Anthropology as well as expanding the curriculum into the area of Cultural and Environmental sustainability.

Dr. Ben Ford recently received his Ph.D. in Anthropology from Texas A&M University in conjunction with the Nautical Archaeology Program. His dissertation, “The Lake Ontario Maritime Cultural Landscape,” focuses on his extensive fieldwork along Lake Ontario. This research is innovative in its integration of marine and terrestrial archaeological survey techniques designed to analyze human interaction with the shore environment between 5000 B.P. and AD 1900. Dr. Ford also has an M.A. from the College of William and Mary, where he wrote a thesis on “Shipbuilding in Maryland, 1631–1850.” Dr. Ford has extensive experience in applied archaeology working for the public and private sectors. His research interests include North American Historical Archaeology, Nautical Archaeology, GIS, and remote sensing applications in archaeology. Dr. Ford will be filling a need in Historic Archaeology for the new M.A. program in Applied Archaeology. He has hit the ground running and is already part of three proposals for external funding.

His summer experience is highlighted on the PHMC Website. During the summer, Tom worked for the Section of Archaeology cataloging archaeological collections.

IUP Department of Anthropology

Garcia’s recent publications include:

• Binational Substance Abuse Research and Internal Review Boards: Human Subject Risks and Suggestions for Protections. Human Organization. Vol. 68, No. 3, 2009.
• Juramentos and Mandas: Traditional Catholic Practices and Substance Abuse in Mexican Communities of Southeastern Pennsylvania. NAPA Bulletin. Vol. 31, 2009 (Special Issue, Immigration)

These experiences can be summarized as follows:

Spring for-credit internship: Anne Colgrove, refugee children orphanage in Sri Lanka (assisted by Drs. Miriam Chaiken and Larry Kruckman).

Summer for-credit internships: Kimberly Conover, American Museum of Natural History (curation and public education); Samantha Peat, Washington D.C. Newseum (anthropology journalism, archival research); Christina Parise, Bureau of Historic Preservation, Washington’s Crossing (with IUP alumna Hilary Krueger, museum administration, curation, preservation); Thomas Waumbaugh, Pennsylvania State Museum Harrisburg, Archeology Division (curation and inventory systems), recipient of Pennsylvania Diversity Internship Program Award (assisted by Drs. Bev Chiarulli and Sarah Neusius); Brian McElwain and Sarah Morrow, Pittsburgh Catholic Charities, Refugee Services, refugee resettlement; Jim Price, Ethnomusicology study of “Do-it-Yourself” movement and impact on folk bands in Northern Appalachian and New England (assisted by Drs. Jim Dougherty and Larry Kruckman; Jason Pare, PennDot, artifact curation (assisted by Dr. Bev Chiarulli); Southern China research (assisted by Dr. Francis Allard; projects are far-ranging, from archaeology to Chinese higher education policy): Sarah DeMaio, Meredith Bird, Jeremy Guillette, Meghan Pace.

Summer noncredit internships: Mitch Sumers, Lakehead University (Ontario, Canada), Paleo DNA Training Program (assisted by Dr. Francis Allard); Stephen Johnson, Paleo-DNA training program, Lakehead University, plus Mercyhurst Lab skeletal human remains forensics program (assisted by Dr. Francis Allard); Chelsea McDonnell, Medispin Medical Software Design, NYC (currently working on PSI postpartum website, assisted by Dr. Larry Kruckman); Colin Zinda, public health research, University of Wisconsin (assisted by Dr. Larry Kruckman) (pending); Jamie Mead, Student Conservation Association.

Fall for-credit internship: Christina Samuels, Intern Africa, Ghana (pending, assisted by Dean Asamoah, Dr. Larry Kruckman and others). Stephen Johnson, Forensic Investigator Internship in the Medical Examiner’s Office, Pittsburgh.

Places visited included Bandelier National Monument, Chaco Canyon National Historical Park, and Zuni Pueblo in New Mexico; Walnut Canyon National Monument, Wupatki National Monument, and Navajo National Monument in Arizona; the Ute Mountain Tribal Park, Anasazi Heritage Center, and Mesa Verde National Park in Colorado; Hovenweep National Monument in Utah; and other sites.

Students who took this course were Casey Felix, Jordan Galantine, MaryBeth Homa, Brooke Knisely, Chelsea McDonnell, Kerianne Mahoney, Andy Phillips, Emily Poeppel, Sarah Williams, and Nathan Winters. Besides long days full of guided tours, drives over washboard roads, and hikes into cliff dwellings, each student passed a general knowledge test before leaving IUP, researched and gave two presentations about the archaeology they were encountering, and kept a journal in which they reacted to the experience and specific questions from their instructors.

Rangers and professional archaeologists at the various places visited added immensely to what we learned.

Students also participated in cooking and other camp maintenance tasks except during the group’s time at the Crow Canyon Archaeological Center in Colorado. Despite the intense schedule, both faculty and students returned with a new appreciation for the past people of the northern Southwest. We also came away with many never-to-be-forgotten memories of the environment and people we encountered.

Drs. Sarah Neusius and Beverly Chiarulli organized a poster session entitled “Reconsidering the Monongahela: New Viewpoints on the Archaeology of Western Pennsylvania,” which included six posters from IUP as well as four from other institutions. Eight other IUP faculty members and students participated in other symposia presenting papers and posters.

Drs. Neusius and Chiarulli presented a poster entitled “How Many Components are There? Investigating the Late Prehistoric Occupation of the Johnston Site;” a poster by Archaeological Services Graduate Assistant Sara Fortnam (Geography Department) was entitled “Spatial Distribution and Proximity of Late Woodland Monongahela Settlements Along the Laurel Highlands in Southwestern Pennsylvania.” The undergradute students posters were Justin DeMaio’s “Investigating Loyalhanna Chert Procurement in Late Woodland Monongahela sites,” Matthew Sagi’s “Measuring Human Activity Levels at the Johnston Site,” Ali Littman’s “The Johnston Site Modified Bone Assemblage: New Insights About the Monongahela,” and a poster by Meghan Pace, Jason Pare, and Anthony LeDonne entitled “Geophysical Investigations of Late Prehistoric Monongahela Sites in the Conemaugh-Blacklick Watershed.”

Dr. Francis Allard also organized and chaired a symposium entitled “Charting the Life Histories of Artifacts and Goods in East Asian Prehistory and History” in which he presented a paper entitled “Concepts and Applications in the Study of Life Histories of Objects.”

Other presentations included a poster by Dr. Phillip Neusius entitled “A Tale of Two Lithic Collections: Arthur Parker and the Ripley Site,” a paper by Drs. Beverly Chiarulli and R. Scott Moore (History Department) entitled “Virtual Archaeology: Public Archaeology in Second Life,” a paper by undergraduate Jessica Freas “3D Scanning using the NextEngine Generations for Artifact Analysis and Public Education,” and a poster by graduate student Germaine McArdle (English Department) and undergraduates Tiara Bey and Justin DeMaio entitled “Applications of Advanced Technology to an Archaeological Survey of Hermosa, New Mexico.”

Carie Heckert (M.A. candidate, Department of Sociology, and Anthropology alumna, IUP) presented “A Typology for Understanding Depression in Latina Immigrants”, based on her research in Indiana County; Megan Bond (Ph.D. student, Department of Anthropology, SMU, and Anthropology alumna, IUP) presented “One Link in the Chain of Labor Migration: A Household Economy in Guanajuato, Mexico,” based on her IUP Ethnographic Field School work; and Qiana Lightner (McNair scholar, departments of Anthropology and Sociology, IUP) presented “The Educational Plight of Blacks and Latinos at Indiana University of Pennsylvania” based on her McNair Research.

“Silvia Tlaseca and Kaolin Mushroom Workers Union: Women's Leadership in the Mexican Diaspora” appears in Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society, and “Local Challenges to Labor Organizing in Mexican Immigrant Enclaves: Kaolin Mushroom Workers Union in Southeastern Pennsylvania” was published in the Journal of Latino and Latin American Studies.

The event, which rotates yearly among PASSHE’s universities, is organized this year by IUP’s Department of Anthropology and the Anthropology Club. Students and faculty from PASSHE’s Clarion, Bloomsburg, Mansfield, and California universities will join faculty and students from IUP for two days of presentations and social events. Student presentations will include papers and posters on field- or literature-based research in different subfields of anthropology.

Jess Devlin and her poster presentation at the Undergraduate Scholars Forum

Outstanding Paper Presentation Awards

Awards were presented for Best Presentation from each of the concurrent sessions at the forum. The best presentations in session winners included:

• Quiana Lightner
  Department of Anthropology
  “The Educational Plight of Blacks and Latinos at Indiana University of Pennsylvania”
• Alicia Rich
  Department of Anthropology
  “Fission-Fusion in Captive Western Lowland Gorillas”
• Best Poster Award
  College of Humanities and Social Sciences
  Jessica Develin
  Department of Anthropology
  “Surface Decoration Analysis of 2008 Johnstown Site Excavation”
• Best Bibliography Awards from IUP Libraries
  Quiana Lightner

We also congratulate one of our double majors for an Outstanding Paper Presentation:

• Sarah Morrow
  Department of Theater and Dance
  “Theatre Culture in Film”

Their presentation at the MAAC on March 21 was titled “The IUP Late Prehistoric Project: A Regional Survey in the Eastern Tributaries of the Central Allegheny Valley in Pennsylvania.” During the SPA, they presented two papers. The first, by Neusius and Chiarulli, was titled “More New Perspectives on the Johnston Site: The 2008 Excavations”. The second, by Chiarulli and Neusius, was titled “Update on the IUP Late Prehistoric Project.” The papers discussed various aspects of the IUP Late Prehistoric Project, including results of the investigations during the Summer 2008 Archaeological Field School.

Students applying for assistantships for the M.A. in Applied Archaeology should apply by March 15, 2009. The IUP Graduate School and the Anthropology Department are now accepting applications to the new M.A. in Applied Archaeology Program for the Fall 2009 semester. While there is no deadline for admission to the program, applications are reviewed on a rolling basis. To apply, complete the on-line or printed application available at How to Apply. Program details are available on the IUP Anthropology Department website. For more information, contact Dr. Phillip Neusius, chair of the Anthropology Department, at phun@iup.edu.

While some of the topics were developed as part of classroom projects, others present the results of undergraduate honors theses or independent projects. The presentations include:

Michael Deemer: “Lithic Platform Analysis for the Johnston Site”

Justin DeMaio: “Investigating Loyalhanna Chert Procurement in the Late Prehistoric”

Jessica Devlin: “Surface Decoration Analysis of 2008 Johnston Site Excavation”

Helene Hurrey: “Attitudes of Gender Roles among Chinese Female Students Studying in the United States”

Anthony LeDonne and Meghen Pace “Geophysical Investigations of Late Prehistoric Sites”

Anthony LeDonne: “Cortex Presence at the Johnston Site”

Ali Littman: “The Johnston Site Modified Bone Assemblage: New Insights About the Monongahela”

Matthew Sagi: “Measuring Human Activity Levels at the Johnston Site”

Laura Mill: “Head Nodding in College Classrooms”

Sarah Moore: “Theater Culture in Film”

Meghan Pace: “Lithic Type Investigations at the Johnston Site”

Jason Pare: “Raw Materials at the Johnston Site”

Alicia Rich: “Fission-Fusion in Captive Western Lowland Gorillas (gorilla gorilla gorilla)”

Katy Ringbloom, Elizabeth LaBrecque, and Kelly Lauer: “Clues from Within: Processing and Identification of Animal Remains”

This three-credit course (Anthropology 485 Presession, May 4–25, 2009) is open to all undergraduate students by application only. Costs include tuition and a fee for the costs of the excursion. Application forms are available in the Anthropology Department, McElhaney Hall, Room G1.

For further information, contact Dr. Sarah Neusius (724-357-2133, sawn@iup.edu) or Dr. Phil Neusius (724-357-2733, phun@iup.edu).

The Cleveland Plain Dealer called the novel “beautifully written” and “one of the best mysteries of the year.” Dr. Shaara’s first book, Every Secret Thing, was also published by Ballantine and was called “the debut of an utterly original voice.” Shaara is currently working on a third, tentatively titled Conviction.

This section includes Neusius’ report on the model curriculum developed by the Society for American Archaeology’s Committee on Curriculum, which she chairs. It also includes commentary from archaeologists in the academic, private, and government sectors about this approach to training applied archaeologists.

The Archaeological Record is published by the Society for American Archaeology.

The IUP Graduate School and the Anthropology Department are now accepting applications to the new M.A. in Applied Archaeology Program for the Fall 2009 semester. While there is no deadline for admission to the program, applications are reviewed on a rolling basis. Students applying for assistantships should apply by March 15, 2009. To apply, complete the on-line or printed application available at How to Apply. Program details are available on the IUP Anthropology Department website. For more information, contact Dr. Phillip Neusius, chair of the Anthropology Department, at phun@iup.edu.

TRB is one of six major divisions of the National Research Council— a private, nonprofit institution that is the principal operating agency of the National Academies in providing services to the government, the public, and the scientific and engineering communities. The National Research Council is jointly administered by the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. TRB’s varied activities annually engage more than 7,000 engineers, scientists, and other transportation researchers and practitioners from the public and private sectors and academia, all of whom contribute their expertise in the public interest by participating on TRB committees, panels, and task forces. The program is supported by state transportation departments, federal agencies including the component administrations of the U.S. Department of Transportation, and other organizations and individuals interested in the development of transportation.

In 2007, the Anthropology and History departments received funding through a State System of Higher Education Technology Fee Special Project Grant to purchase a Trimble GNSS R8 base station and rover for sub-centimeter accuracy in mapping excavation and survey projects.  This past summer, Drs. Beverly Chiarulli (Anthropology) and R. Scott Moore (History) took the R8 on the road to test its capabilities in several field projects.

This summer, Chiarulli and three students, undergraduates Justin De Maio and Tiara Bey and graduate student Germaine McArdle, used the R8 to map nineteenth century artifacts and survey areas in the Gila National Forest, New Mexico, test units at the Lemon House in the Allegheny Portage National Historic Site in Cambria County, Pennsylvania, and at the IUP Archaeological Field School site near Blairsville, Pa.
Moore and four students, undergraduates Jon Crowley, Jessie Freas, and Joe Kochinski and graduate student Nick Wise, took the R8 to Cyprus to map the coastal site of Pyla-Koutsopetria. The site of Pyla-Koutsopetria was a wealthy Late Roman village that served as an important regional trading hub for the southeastern area of the island.

The advantage of the R8 for archaeological surveys is that it provides extremely accurate mapping in seconds, allowing a survey team to collect hundreds of survey points in a day compared to the use of hand-held units, which are less accurate and take much longer for each reading. During a three-week period, the team was able to take more than five thousand GPS measurements over a two-kilometer square area, permitting the creation of an extremely accurate topographic map of the coastal region.

In the Gila Archaeological Project, the IUP survey team joined with students and faculty from Howard University in Washington, D.C., students from the Mescalero Apache Tribe, and archaeologists from the National Park Service and the Gila National Forest (GNF). The focus of the project is the Apache Wars of the 1870s and 1880s, which pitted Buffalo Soldiers, the African-American regiments formed after the Civil War, against the Apache.

Dr. Eleanor King of Howard University directs the project, which focuses on how both sides used the landscape, not only for battle but for everyday life by identifying camp sites and battle sites. Chiarulli, De Maio, Bey, and McArdle used the R8 and other hand-held GPS units to map structures and artifacts in a nine thousand-acre section of the Black Range district of the GNF.

The eastern slopes of the Black Range were among the most hotly contested landscapes in this prolonged fight.  Homeland to the Warm Springs Apache, they witnessed many of the most important battles in the Victorio War. This uprising began in the late 1870s under the leadership of chief Victorio and his allies and did not effectively end until well after his death, with the surrender of Geronimo and his allies in 1886.

The Black Range saw some of the last battles fought for freedom and self-determination by the Apache on United States soil. It was also a proving ground for the 9th Cavalry, one of the Buffalo Soldier regiments. One battle alone in these mountains won the regiment three medals of honor. Even though there are some fifty-five known battle sites on Forest land on the eastern slopes of the Black Range, many have never been properly recorded. Although located on National Forest land, these sites remain vulnerable to relic hunters. With their destruction goes important information on exactly what took place in these mountains, as usually all we have are the brief military records of engagements. Even more important is information about where the Apache camped or the soldiers stayed and how they traveled away from the forts and roads.

During the nine days of field work, the IUP team mapped artifacts and structures in nine survey areas including standing structures and possible structures in an abandoned nineteenth century mining town and cemetery, several prehistoric sites, a battle site, and several historic Apache artifacts. They also used a Bartingdon Magnetic Susceptibility survey loop to survey possible residential or camp sites.

Lambda Alpha is the only national honorary society for anthropology and has 165 chapters across the country.

Bond’s application included letters of recommendation, a statement of professional goals, and a manuscript based on her original research, which will be published in the Lambda Alpha journal. Her research focused on the adjustment process that students from Bangalore, India, experienced after coming to IUP to study.

Previously, Bond participated in an ethnographic field school in Peru, which resulted in her presenting several papers regionally and at the international meeting of the Society for Applied Anthropology in Memphis, Tenn.

While at IUP, she also participated in a study-abroad program in Valladolid, Spain, and the Anthropological Study Odyssey to Belize and Guatemala.

Bond graduated from IUP with a 4.0 grade-point average. In the fall, she will begin the doctoral program in cultural anthropology at Southern Methodist University in Dallas, where she has received a full scholarship and teaching assistantship.

Although it is required for all Archaeology Track majors, there are spaces available for a few additional students. This summer we will be investigating a Late Prehistoric village near Blairsville, Pa.

Students will have a chance to learn excavation techniques, how to record site information, how to handle excavated artifacts and about the archaeology of western Pennsylvania.

For more information, contact Dr. Beverly Chiarulli (bevc@iup.edu) or Dr. Sarah Neusius (sawn@iup.edu) McElhaney, G-1.

Six faculty members and students presented at the Society for American Archaeology Annual Meeting held in Vancouver, British Columbia from March 27-29. Drs. Sarah Neusius and Beverly Chiarulli presented a paper "Return to the Johnston Site: New Dates and Data on the Monongahela." Dr. Chiarulli presented a paper "Producers, Consumers, and Traders: Lithic Industries at Cerros and Chau Hiix, Belize," and Dr. Francis Allard presented a poster titled "Horse Focused Ritual Practice in Mongolia: An Example of Long-term Continuity?"

Three Anthropology majors also presented papers on their undergraduate honors thesis projects. Erica Ausel presented a paper titled "Analysis of Lithic Raw Material and Artifact Types at Chau Hiix," Susan Lukowski presented a paper titled "Exploring Fish Use by the Monongahela," and Jessie Freas presented a paper titled "Discovering Archaeology through the Eyes of a Middle School Student."

At the same time, Dr. Victor Garcia and another student, Megan Bond, were presenting papers at the Society for Applied Anthropology Annual Meeting in Memphis, Tennessee. Dr. Garcia presented a paper titled "Exploring Drug Use across Borders: Transnational Mexican Migrants in Southeastern Pennsylvania. Megan's paper was titled "Mi Sierra: Lessons in Traditional Andean Nutritional Knowledge and Biodiversity in Ancash, Peru."